l£x  Htbrta 


SEYMOUR  DURST 


'When  you  leave,  please  leave  this  hook 

Because  it  has  heen  said 
"Ever'ihing  comes  t'  him  who  waits 

Except  a  loaned  hook." 


Avery  Architectural  and  Fine  Arts  Library 
Gift  of  Seymour  B.  Durst  Old  York  Library 


Digitized  by  the  Internet  Archive 
in  2013 


http://archive.org/details/newyorkamericancOOking 


FIFTY  CENTS 


« 


NEW  YORK  CITY  OF  TO-DAY: 

THE  AMERICAN  COSMOPOLIS. 
THE  PEER  OP  ANY  CITY,  ANCIENT  OR  MODERN. 


XFW  YORK:    THE  AMERICAN  COSMOPOLIS. 


3 


4  NEW  YORK:    THE  AMERICAN  COSMOFOLIS. 


GRAND  CENTRAL  STATION,  42o  STREET  AND  FOURTH  AVENUE. 


ward  and  to  otlicr  culonics,  the  u'ond  l)ui'i;i 
Stantial  ,i:-aiiis.  ;iiia  .lrv(  l..|.,'(l  a  ii.Mulilr  maii 
During  the  .■.■uliiry  ..f  Iliilisl,  ,ln,n:iin  lir 
Englaiuk'TS  came  in,  and  mingled  ainic; 
French  Huguenots,  tlic  Scots,  llie  AVall( 
nationalities  in  tlie  town.  The  result  was  a 
mopolitau  and  harmonious  community.  \ 
religious  dissensions  or  political  animositie-^ 
kill  her  witches,  Boston  persecute  her  <>i 
hunt  her  i:(i\-erni)rs,  and  the  Carolinas  lai 
found  her  best  interest 


;  found  sub- 
le  enterprise, 
many  New- 
y  with  the 
s  and  other 


Ida,  but  New  Yoi'k  t 
welMaden  sliips  to  foreign  ports.  Tlie  innnigrat ions 
the  present  ceiilury  lia\e  adiled  many  iinportant  forei 
colonies  to  the  city,  until  \\n[  cjnly  the  greatei'  nation^.  1 
the  Greeks  .-iiid  Pnrtu-iirM',  tlie'swi^^  and  llri-ians,  .■ 
represented  Ky  Mr-:ilii/i'd  sucieliev,  and  e\i  li  llii'  .^lali-,  I 
Chinese  and  tlie  .Iapane>e  lia\e  theil-  special  and  c\cliisi 
clubs  and  other  unions,  and  tluar  own  tradin-;  ami  iini)ii 
ing  houses.  The'  inuniLZi'al  ion  from  Ireland  has  heen  en< 
mous,  and  from  its  cniwdcd  i-mks  the  I'iiy  has  lai'gi 
been  governed,  nut  always  to  the  best  ad\-anla-i\  L 
terly  great  nundicrs  n[  Sla\  ic  peas.ants  from  Knssia  a 
her  borders  ha\-e  seitlc(l  h.  iv,  and  liopi'  is  lailertained  tl 
even  these  semi  barljaiian  invaders  may  in  some  w 
favorably  impress  the  city  of  the  future.    Thus  the  co 


muuity  has  attained  an  unusual  degree  of  cosmopolitan 
spirit  and  breadth,  and  has  avoided  certain  perils  as  to 
narrowness  and  exclusion  which  are  found  in  other  promi- 
nent cities.  It  is  a  metropolis  of  tolerance,  .sympathy  and 
brotherhood,  and  its  eneri^ies  are  devoted  intensely  to 
(lern  lines,  and  to  the  elfective  pur- 


f  the 


■api, 


f  Ne 


■aph  (  ; 
nd  -Mu 


•omi)a 


-  Yoi 


nposn 


lount  posi- 
■d  by  the 
h  of  which 


the  other  the  Postal 


^  struc-ture 


Bro; 


The  electric  telegraph  was  born  at  New  Yoi-k,  and  now 
covers  the  world  with  its  wonderful  systems  of  instan- 
taneous communication.  The  experiments  of  Prof.  S.  F. 
B.  :\Iorse,  which  led  to  the  inauguration  of  this  marvelous 
dis.-ovei-y,  \\ere  made  in  ihe  old  University  of  the  City  of 
New  York.  'I'lie  tel,--i-aph  from  tla^  metropolis  to  Phila- 
deli)hia  was  opened  in  1S45;  that  to  Boston  in  1846 ;  and 
that  to  Albany  in  1847.    Since  those  dates,  what  remote 


AMERICAN   LINE;  — THE  "NEW  YORK 


PARIS,"  TWIN-SCREW  STEAMSHIPS. 


10 


XBIV  YOUK:    THE  AMERICAN  COSMOPOLIS. 


Tliis  tniin  ill  its  ciitin-  ,.utlit  is  ,,iic  of 
the  most  iK  i  fcct  ill  tiic  w(,rl.l. 

As  of  old  ■■all  i-.Mils  led  to  lioinc." 
so  now  ■■all  roads  in  Am,-nca  1,-ad  to 
New  ^  ork,  •  aii.l  tliotisalids  of  miles  of 
tftliik  lines  o|  the  licst-eoiislnieteil  vall- 


The 


New  Voik.  and 


It  was  reserved  tor  the 
r  hrst  thoroughly  to  apply 
iples  to  commercial  uses. 


ent  th,'  primit 

ive  steamboat,  the  1  7(  /■- 

nnnt.  up  the  H 

anie  year  llir 

idson  Itivrr  :  and  in  the 

he  I'hani.r.  wa 

s  laiinrhrd  in  X.'W  V.,rk 

larhor.  II.tc 

ifso  was  l.uilt  tile  tirst 

11  the  world,  the  pre- 

•ursor   of  the 
■raisers  of  to-d 

vast   liattle-.ships  and 

Thr  enorm. 
Vork  from  a  c 

nimercial  point  of  vLw 

riie  fond-n  tr; 

I'd  hv  a  few  slatiMies. 
Ic  of  thr  riiited  .States 

lout   s^J,oi)(l.()00,000  a 

-ear.  and  the 

■I'lii  p..iis  oi  the  Atlau- 

ic.  Gulf  and  I' 

leilie  coasts  contest  for 

the  Hon.  fh 
adinireil  oral 
The  main 


built  ,■ 


(piartc 


THE   BERKELEY  SCHOOL. 

i'  M.  Depew — one  of  the  world  s 
IS  the  iiresident  of  the  company, 
nal  point  is  the  Grand  Central  Stf 
eommoilious  cdihce.  which,  alth 
a  century  a-o,  is  yet  one  of  the  n 


Vauderbilts.  It  over-arches  19  tracks.  . 
depart  345  trains  of  800  cars.  Amom: 
the  Empire-State  Express,  the  fastesi  ii; 
which  makes  the  daily  run  between  New 
falo.  a  distance  of  440  miles,  m  8  hours 


the  prizes  of  this  tratiic.  Nevertheless, 
New  York  controls  more  than  half  of 
the  entire  amount,  her  exports  being 
two  fifths  of  those  of  the  entire  Repub- 
lic, and  her  imports  two  thirds.  The 
foreign  trade  of  Xew  Orleans,  Balti- 
more, Boston,  Philadelpliia  and  San 
Francisco  reach  imposing  figures,  but 
they  are  trivial  in  comparison  with 
those  of  this  world-renowned  port. 
More  than  2.000  steamships  sail  thence  yearly,  laden  with 
grain,  which  can  be  put  on  shipboard  by  the  local  eleva- 
tors at  the  rate  of  500,000  bushels  an  hour.  Besides 
the  score  of  regtilar  lines,  there  is  a  tramp  steamship  leav- 
uit;-  the  ])(irt  nearly  every  secular  day,  laden  with  heavy 
cariroes  for  distant  shores.  Hence  run  fleets  of  tank-steam- 
ers, laden  with  iietndetim  for  ()l(l-^^  orld  usi-.  or  bringing 
m  rcsrryoirs  ot    molasses  trom  tropiral  countries. 

1  Ins  \\d]-!d-niarl  has  rcLi'iilar  lines  ot  sleamsliips  to  dozens 
of  British.  Continental  and  .Me.literranean  ports:  to  the 
Far  East:  to  the  coast  cities  ot  \  enezuela,  Brazil  and 


^^^^^ 


MLTHLiPuLITAN  OPERA-HOUSE. 


^^BW  YORK:    THE  AMERICAN  COSMOPOLIS. 


13 


Argentina  ;  to  the  "\\  es 

t  Indies, 

the  hpanisli  Main,  and 

The  C 

uiard  L 

Ceutral  America ;  and  t 

all  along  the  American 

favorites 

id  New 

)rleans  on  tiie  south  to 

it  lias  f: 

Xova  Scntia  and  Xrwf. 

ludland 

on  the  north.    On  lower 

Its  -reat 

South  Street  mav  1m-  ,sc, 

't!."(  "in- 

se sailing  ships  of  steel 

'    I  lid 

each  <if  tla-ni  cuniiictrii 

•  a  rarico  of  G.OOO  tons 

whi.li 

and  dc^iniMl  l.ir  ih,-  p, 

ns  (  f  tl 

e  remote    .Vntip.ides  Inr 

i  ri  ''t  li  ( 

South  Africa  and  tlic  S] 

iee    M  ,1 

U   fnr  I!.ind):iv  and  (  al- 

ind  mnsi 

cutta  and  Siimaporc.  fdi 

tlie  lar-: 

and  New  Zeahiii.l. 

sliips  al 

Milt  ill 

Into  no  port  in  tlic 

vorld  du 

lar-'(  1-  ..ee-in  steamslnps 

regularly  enter  tlian  iiiti 

the  por 

(if  Xew  Y..rl<     Thi^  is 

I'i'ivi 

t'l'i'i^ 

the  al]-inii)(irtant  Icrniin 

sli.,it(sr  t 

ini(  to 

1  Xerlh 

<  e  rill:lU  1  ]oV(K  French 

and  from 

I  iver- 

White  Sl:ir.  KrdMar,  Ai 

pool  and 

X  e  w 

laiuK- Aiiicncaii  and  iiia 

V  Mili'.'i-  1 

'iH  ^'  wld'.'ii' lI■(''r<^l'll'l'l'iv 

Y  u  r  k 

'  hesc 

Vnik  an. 

(  111,  I-  ,  iii,  ^  s,,ii„',,f  il„ 

noblest  ships  that  have  ( 

rsedtl,cnee:u>,ineludin'- 

eacli    a  1 

ami'c 

the  A'  ir   }nrl:.   I'.ins.  . 

,///,/  Ae/ 

.  with 

sf    His, U.I 

•c/r,    K.n..r   WiHulm  11.. 

^"i  000  1 

Lull,,  s/.r.,.  /,,  y;.'/,w/ 

I.I  1... 

pnW,  I- 

iid  I 

It  is  Witll  the  uinio.t 

pi-ide  all 

Vmi  ri(  in>  p.iiiit  \n  tla 

l.Ml  -  I  ll 

f  CO-, 

world  fa. nuns  Aii.erieai 

Line. 

1-  kiicwn       ihe  Inm.an 

feet  All 

tliat  is 

Lin.e      ddii-  is  the  line 

^'.i:!  rai-,ed  ilie  Ameri.  an 

1  these 

flu-  on  Ilie  palalial  ive 

inl-bivalv 
Idiii-  in 

.,-s  — ilie  \,  ,/■   )•,„■/■  and 

davs  of  1 

larvel- 

ships    tl,e    s,,/,,,/  /,,„/., 

,d  the  ,s; 

int  l>:nil.  I,,   l,e   i,,  evel  V 

vice  ],:,-  1 

■.enl  sl,il 

s.  Wllich  are  llle  pi-ide  ,,f 

tn.dueed 

.11  the 

all  the  seas.     This  is  in 

•oniparal 

Iv  tlle   lilli  sl  c,,nimerci:d 

I  cent 

fleet  under  the  btars  an( 

fstnpes, 

steamsliii 

s  of 

credit  for  giving  such  ai 

to  Americ,-,n^hippin-as 

1  lane. 

will  soon  result  in  building  n\)  an 

Its  stea 

Ilships 

■en  among  the  foremost 
1  halt  a  century  s 


ships  that  will  rank  cpial  t..  iliM.e  ..t 
American  Line  lias  )Ust  lanli  m  New  No 
most  commodious  ocean  sie,iin-liip  jneis 

In  1893  it  adopted  SouihainptMi,  us 
its  terminus  m  Enudaiid  a  clrin-e  nf 
great  importance  readil\'  apini-ciaied 
by  trans-Atlantic  travelcis,  owini:-  to 
its  proximity  to  Loudon  and  tlie  excep- 
tional facilities  for  landing  and  (an- 
barking  passengers.  Anurican  Line 
steamers  start  and  finish  dii-ectly  at  tlie 
Company's  piers.  There  are  no  tidal 
delays  and  no  transfers  by  tendi  rs. 
Special  steamer  trains  between  London 
and  Southampton  make  the  journey  in 
one  hour  and  4o  minutes,  and  convey 
passengers  to  and  from  alongside  of 
the  steamers.  This  relieves  passengers 
from  every  expense  and  annoyance 
connected  with  transfers  between 
steamer  and  trains. 

At  the  World's  Fair  in  1893  the 
highest  award  in  the  Transportation 
Building  was  accorded  to  the  Ameri- 
can Line. 


y£\V  YORK:    THE  AMERICAX  COSMOFULIS. 


its  iiiunl)cr  of  vc 
carried  upwards 


II  1,1^ 


at  Southampton  to  accoinmodate  pas- 
sengers from  and  to  London  and  Paris. 
Its^Iediterranean  service  lias  been  an 
increasing  success  from  its  inception. 

The  French  Line,  known  as  llie 
Compagnie  Generale  Trausatlautique, 
whicli  lias  for  40  years  done  a  great 
part  of  America  s  international  traihc, 
maintains  a  fleet  of  77  steamers,  with  a 
tonnage  of  175,000  and  a  horse-power 
of  176,500.  These  steamships  carry 
each  year  over  300,000  passengers.  950.  - 
000  tons  of  freight,  and  upw^irds  of 
15.000.000  parcels  of  merchandise. 
Into  and  out  of  the  port  of  Xe^v  York 
the  French  Line  sends  a  fleet  of  grand 
ocean  stcamsliips  that  in  elegance,  man- 
(■  1lir  ('(lual  of  any 


1  the 


Its  s 


with  the  New  Kn- 
States  coast  towns,  f: 
centration  nf  their  li 
the  dispersal  ol  i 
goods.  Amouix  tlics 
cent  vessels  of  the  lin 
Sound  and  the  lliu 


bea 


rivals  i 
•on  1  fort.  : 


\:in,rr,  -  and 
:■(-.!  liy  '■  J,^i  Lor- 
,"  now  building. 
p.-Lcket  lines  con- 
listriliuting  point 
and  and  Middle 
cilitatiug  the  con- 
l  al  products,  and 


ivih  of  the  city. 


■vclup,.,]  the 
its  hundreds 
t  ric  systems, 
irv  year  an 
ulal)le  iium- 


t  i.a 


'1^  i 


A  still  later  evolution 
in  this  direction  has  been 
the  wonderful  elevated 
lailway,  one  of  the  most 
distinctive  features  of 
Xew  York,  built  at  a  cost 
of  nearly  $80,000,000,  and 
traversing  the  island  on 
several  lines,  north  and 
south.  High  up  on  their 
iron  trestles  the  elevated 
trains  jieri)etually  flv  up 
and  down  the  island,  at 
an  exhilarating  rate  of 
speed,  and  joining  the  Bat- 
tery to  the  Harlem  Kiver 
by  a  short  and  easy  transit. 
Tiie  Londoners  pass  from 
one  [lart  of  their  huge 
world-metropolis  to 


■sal  vehicle,   tlie  hoi 


X£]V  YORK:    THE  AMERICAN  COSMOPOLIS. 


15 


16 


NEW  YORK: 


THE  AM  ERICA  X  COSMOPOLIS. 


■  the  Xorth  River 
rt  of  the  work  has 


■arin-  its  worthy 
ilumhia  Collc-r, 
I  ill  tiic  Western 
icdiciue,  mining, 
•  iih'ii  of  a  great 
1 7."i4,  the  Arch- 


hiid  out  by  3IeKi 


Church.     After  the   licvohition  tli 

Kiii-'s  Colle-c  was  rhaii-cd  to  that  of  (  ( .1  uinliia  College, 
and  till'  institution  ri'iiiaiiicd  in  its  ijuaiiit  old  buildings, 
not  far  li-oiii  the  City  Hall,  until  alioiit  tlic  middle  of  the 
present  ccnlury,  w  hen  it  ini-ratcd  to  its  present  up-town 
site,  near  St.  I 'at  i  i(  k  s  (  at  liedi  a).  Xeaily  a  score  of  acres 
ingdale 

V  and  tlie  Hudson  Kiver,  and 
,  Ilaight  and  Hunt,  as  the 
spacious  site  of  the  Columbia  of  the  future,  not  far  from 
the  Cathedral  of  St.  John  the  Divine.  The  college  has 
about  225  professors  and  oflieers,  and  almost  2,000  students, 
with  immense  libraries  and  pi-ecious  si  ieiitiiic  collections. 

The  University  of  the  City  of  .\(  w  York,  loniided  in 
1831  as  an  undenominational  olfset  to  l^iiiscopalian  and 
conservative  Columbia,  has  for  sixty  years  been  housed  in 
a  picturesque  stone  building  on  Washington  Siiuaic;  but 
several  of  its  main  departments  are  about  to  lie  transferred 
to  new  homes,  a  majestic  group  of  buildings  on  L'l 
Heights,  overlooking  the  Harlem  River,  where  the  insti- 
tution has  secured   thirty   acres  of 
land.    The  University  has  100  profes- 
sors and  1,000  students,  with  schools  of 
arts  and   science,   civil  engineering, 
pedagogy,  law  and  medicine.  Part 


students;  and  among  its  recent  instructors  have  been 
Briggs  and  Vincent,  Schalf  and  Shedd.  The  Jews  have 
tiieir  scliool  of  divinity  in  this  city;  the  chief  missionary 
trainiiiL:  (  olh -c  is  here;  and  the  Catholic  institutions, 
headed  by  I  lie  \  i  neral)le  St.  John's  College  at  Fordham, 
are  numerous  and  ellicient. 

Manhattan  is  not  less  celebrated  for  its  great  medical 
schools,  witii  tlieir  laboratories,  clinics  and  other  perfected 
resources.  The  University  Medical  College  and  the  Belle- 
vue  Hospital  Medical  College  have  graduated  nearly 
12,000  physicians.  The  College  of  Physicians  and  Sur- 
ge o  n  s ,  founded 
practically  in 


lumbia,  has  50  in- 
structors and  600 
students.  There 
are  also  well- 
equipped  schools 
of  homcEopatliy, 
dentistry,  phar- 
macy, ophthal- 
mology and  other 
branches  of  the 
healing  art;  ad- 
mirable training- 
schools  for  nurses, 
and  colleges  for 
women  doctors. 
Here,  further- 
more, is  the  chief 
center  of  the 
art  of  healing 


NEW  YORK:    THE  AMERICAN  COSMOPOLIS. 


17 


domestic  aiinniils.  with  twn  thnvuiu'  \ ctciiiiarv  collcucs,  collciies  and  cunservator 

connected  wilh   spacious  vclcriliai-v  hospitals.     The  law-  said  ol  the  special  cduca 

schools  of  llictwo  universities  luriiish  instruction  to  (ilMt  t ra.h-schools   founded  I,- 

students  at  on.'  time  and  the  Xew-Vork  Law  School  in  the  Wehli's    Academv  and 

Eijuitalile  IJuildiii-  is  a  lloiirivhiii-  institution.  C'ooliers   -ivat    foundation  of  .eho 

The  tine  arts  have   found    their    supreme   American  Pacl^ard's  renowned  business  coll,, 

development  in  the  metropolit.an  ciiv.  Willi  its  vast  wealtli  student    tor-et    the  manv  scliool- 

aiid  -rowin-  (ailture  ;  ami  the  schools  of  the  National  ridin-.  lencin-.  daiiciii-  cookin-  ai 

Academv,  the  American  Fin.'  Arts  Soeietv,  the  ^Ietrop,,]i-  plidunenl.. 

tan  :\[useum,  the  Cooper  \  mo,,.  ;,,,d  other  inslllutlo,,.  li„ve  The  private  eduealion;il  in.titul 

tlious;,inN  of  lov:d  student.,  wilh  eminent  arliMs  as  their  School,    the   (  ■olle:;i;,te  (Ir.amm.ar 

guides  and  iiistruclors.     lli.Tc  aiv  also  M-vrral  .-iv-liial.!.-  School,    the    Columhia  (Iramm.ir 


usic.  .Mu.  h  .should  be 
-titutions,  like  the  noble 
Vuchmuiv  the  palatial 
.r    Sliip-laiilders,  I'eler 


;e.  Nor  should  the 
tor  pl]\sie:il  culture, 
d  ot  h(  r  usi'l  ul  accom- 


H.ls.  llie  S;u-]is  Insiiiui,,  the  ])e  La 

^ait  School,  ;md  others  iiurnbered 
:  anion-  the  most  ihor,,u-h  and 


neof  the  m,,st   ,,oI;,li|e  sello.,]s 

ac,  a,,d  s,aids  -J.",  l,ovs  ,.,-,cli  vear  to  ll,irvard, 
mhia  and  I'rin.-elon.     It  has  the  most  p,adectlv 

nd  coMliesi  huildin-  in  the  world  for  the  jmr- 
pi-ivaie  M  h,,ol,-,i  hands,„ne  Ionic  structuiv.  of 

one  and  i;,mi;m  l.rh'k.  with  most  ingenious  and 


modious  school  ;,n,l  class  rooms,  a  spa.aous  ar  rv  and 

uviimasium,  and   lar-e  alhleti.'   grounds.     The  l!,a-kelev 
has  'JS   masters  ;ind    instructors  and    ncirh-  :;ilo  pupils, 
i     The  .school  plav  urounds.  known  as  the  IVrkelev  Oval,  at 


ed  t 


hlct 


■ot- 


this  .scho.,1  at  th<'  \\  orld'  s  Fairs  in  Paris  and  Chi'cago  were 
awarded  the  highest  honors 

The  free  public  schools  are  found 

 I     e^(■r\  where,  ami  have  wajii  honorable 

!      distinction  for  their  ellicienev.  Their 
cost  IS  111  th<-  vKaiuiv  (if  s.-). 000,000  a 
I      year;  and  lh,a-e  are  -\ :2m  teachers  and 

buil.liims  arc  line  spe.-imciis  of  archi- 
tecture, and  ari'  ei|Uippi'd  with  manv 
I       of    the    best    modern    devices    tor  the 
wcllare  of  the  pupils 

Undcrsuch  laNoralilecinamistanceS 
New  ^  ork  presents  iiself  as  the  fore- 
most •  ■ducaliomd  , ■enter  of  Aincri,-;i, 
and  draws  i,,  iiself  e\-ery  year  l;irger 
numlii  fs  o|  e;irm'si  si  h, ,lar>,  who  lind 
Ul  the  iniensi.  actniiirv  ,,f  the  me- 
tropolis ma,,\-  ince,iti\es  to  energetic 
work  not  to  lie  loimd  in  the  quiet 
cloisters  of  rural  colleges. 

The  libraries  are  among  the  most 
notable  ui  Ainenea,  and  are  some  of 
the  finest  ui  the  -world  endowed  bj-  pri- 
vate generosity.     The  Astor  Library 


XEW  YORK:    THE  AMERICAN  COSMOPOLIS. 


21 


22 


NE]\-  YORK. 


THE  AMERICAN  ('OSMOPOLIS. 


I^EW  YORK:    TUB  AMERICAX  COSMOPOLIS. 


23 


$75,000,000,  and  aiv  maintaiiird  at  a 
cost  of  S-5,000,000  yearly.  They  afT.ird 
sittings  for  500,000  persons.  In  mat- 
ters pertaining  to  reliu'ion  Xew  Yorli 
has  always  held  a  prominent  and 
praiseworthy  plaee,  aii.l  its  aimals 
have  lie.-ii  siii-ularly  free    from  the 


al 


C'liureh,  wliicli 
chnreh  of  1 1,  ,11a 
Avestward  with 


devoted    elergy.      One   of    the  most 
beautiful  churches  in  the  city  is  the 
one  pertaining  to  this  parish,  at  the 
corner  of    Fiftli   Avenue   and  4Stli 
Street,  with  its  noble  decorated  (Jotlii. 
arehitictiire  of  the  14lli 
of  the  quaiiUest  is  the 
AVest  End  Avniuc,  in 
interesting  l-'lcmisli  an 
procbiced  witli  meat  s 


foot  in-  hrrc 

was  th( 

dnnvh  of  Kng- 

lan.l.  whieli 

low  enj 

>ys  ;i  positicni  of 

remarkable  j 

lil  influence,  and 

has  been  p. 

)lilie  ii 

benefits  to  all 

classes  of  the 

popula 

ion.    The  earliest 

services  wei-i 

held  in 

St.  Nicholas',  the 

little  oldDnt 
dam,  in  inci 

of  the  town. 

liehur. 
after  tl 

lu  mil 

h  in  Fort  Anistcr- 
;  the  Colonial  As- 

senilily  aiitln 

ri/r,l  tl 

Trinity  Pari 

h,  will 

•h   was  endowed 

with  a  U.iyal 

Charte 

■  four  years  later. 

.1  from 

the  ny-al  liounty 

Queen's  Farm,  now  in  the  i 
the  city,  between  ('liiisto|i 
This  vast  property  i-<  xalued  at 
revenues  have  been  devoted  to  tl 


ti.aion  ib-o.adway,  at  the  h.^ad  of  Wall 
imjn-essivc  piece  of  Gothic  architecti 
1846.    The  splendid  bronze  doors  an 


.si-  of  over  a  ceiitun-  a-o.   wliih'  of  special  iiiten 

an  t<lmll^  of  Alexander  IIamilt..n  and  Caplaiii  \a 

aishedin  the  Chesapeake.     Anion-  the  numerous  chapels  -ov( 

iented  by  and  supported  bv   I  runty  are  yt.  Paul  s,  built  on  1 


NEW  YOEK: 


THE  AMEBIC  AX  CUSMOPOLIS. 


25 


NEW  YORE:   THE  AMERICAN  COSMOPOLIS. 


Judson  .Mcmi)n:il  I'aptist  (  liurch,  wliose  Romanesque 
Ituildiiii;-^.  with  tli(  ir  tall  canipauile,  (Iciiniiiatc  the  reu'ioii 

The  activity  and  power  of  the  ( 'at  Ik  .1  ir  ( 'limvh  mi  Maii- 
liattaii  Islanil.  and  the  suliditv  and  splendor  <if  ils  in^tilu- 
tiuiis,  aiv  ..f  va>,t  impoi-tanee  as  elrinciils  in  tlir  e,,inplc\ 
life  (if  the  nietrnpdlis.  Althmiu-h  the  lii'st  ehureli  was 
founded  as  ivcmtlv  as  ITs:,.  there  aiv  now  !H)  eliurches  in 


The 


St.  Patricks  Cathedral,  the  costliest 


ind  a  p.'rfe( 
this  unpressi 


1  thi'  \  nite( 
\(,idin.  s' 
■(Mipirs  an 


iraniza-  llardlv 


lagnihcent     dignity,  massiveuess.  and  vast  size. 


npl, 


irh 


1  ser- 


GERIV1AN-AMERICAN   INSURANCE  COtVIPANY. 


Vices  dail\-.  to  dillerent  eoin^-resations. 

T  he  Jews  appeared  among  the  tirst 
comers  to  ^lanhattau.  and  \vere  for 
some  tune  held  under  repression  by 
tlie  colonial  autlionties.  But.  with 
the  ixrnwmg  tolerance  of  modern  life, 
this  ancient  people  has  here  developed 
amazincly.  until  now  they  have  50 
sj'nag(jgues  and  temples,  and  many 
learned  and  devoted  rabl)is.  The 
magnihcent  Temple  Emanu-El.  on 
tilth  Avenue,  is  one  of  the  best 
examples  of  ]\Ioonsh  architecture  in 
Ainenca.  with  a  brilliant  and  elabo- 
lair  iiiti nor.    Farther  up  the  avenue. 

it>  L'olden-ribbed  dome  flashing 
across  Central  Park,  is  the  great 
Temple  Beth-El.  which  has  cost  nearly 
S800.000.  The  Rodoph  Sholom.  Sha- 
aray  Teflla.  Ahavatli  Chesed.  iSichron 
Ephraim.  and  other  sNiia-uiiin  s  dis- 
jilay  great  atHuence  of  dci  i  iiai  ai.  and 
most  of  them  illustrate  the  ()iii)ital 
origin  of  their  worship  1)\'  their  Sara- 
cenic or  Byzantine  architecture,  so 
exotic  m  this  country. 

The  Lutherans  liave  several  fine 
churches  in  the  city,  for  Aniencans. 
Germans  and  Swedes.  The  great 
Broadway  Tabernacle,  iamous  for  the 
labors  of  Thompson  and  Tavlor.  is  the 
chief  shrine  ot  the  ]Sew-Eni:laiid  C  on- 
gregationalists.  1  he  L  intanans  of  All 
Souls  Church  still  renieml)er  the 
noble  pastorate  of  Ilenrv  Bellows: 
their  brethren  of  the  Church  of  the 
^lessiah  derive  spiritual  grace  from 
the  preaching  of  Roljert  C Oliver;  and 
the  present  generation  m  upper  ]New 
York  admire  the  work  of  ]\Ierle  St. 
Croix  Wright.     The  city  has  three 


NEW  YORK:    THE  AMERICAN  COSMOPOLIS. 


,27 


societies  of  Swcdcnljui'LMans.  three  ot  Diseqiles,  t\v(j  of 
the  Catholic  Apostolic  ^coinimiiiion,  and  two  of  Friends. 
Xearlv  every  other  sect  kii()\vn  tu  Aiiierican  (  liri>tianit\ 
has  Its  representatives  in  thw  -real  ((ivnn ip. ih^.  (it  the 
more  ancient  and  tnremii  (■uniiiiuninii-.  ihr  drcel^  (  liuicli 
IS  ade(piateh"  represented  hv  an    aichiinaiidrile    and  a 

(H  religions  other  than  those  ((iinnion  to  Aiiiericans 
the  citizens  ot  Xew  lork  have  some  ni)portunitv  to  form 
opinmns.  The  chiet  iinipaixaiida  nt  .'Mdhammcdamsm  in 
the  Western  World  is  established  hi  iv;  the  Chinese  resi- 
dents have  a  Joss  ll.iuse  tor  their  peeii-   

liar  forms  of  worship;   and  the  First 

P  ■ 


irantie  oliice  buildings 


nil  twenty  st 
wenty-two  s 
1.    It  will  St; 


on  the  observatory  roof  and  sing  most  elTectually  " 
My  God  t.i  Thee."  The  illustmtiou  iu  this  b)ok  a 
idea  of  the  combinations  \vhich  the  architect.  If.  II. 
sou.  has  introduced  to  render  so  lotty  a  strucuiic  | 


1  .Manila 


Land 


churcl 


eat  head(piai 


ous  orders.  Here  stands  the  1! 
House,  the  home  of  the  Anicrii  aii  li 
J^ociety.  wlucli.  in  liie  pa-i  \i 
has  distributed  GO.ODO.OOO  IJibl.^  : 
cost  of  above  820.000.000.  Thr  n 
nihcent  new  Church  ^Missions  lloi 
on  Fourth  Avenue  and  ':'3d  Sli(  i  i 


■  Doi 


estie 


n.l  I 


:\Iissio„;,rv  Socictv  of  the  Protestant 
Episcopal  Clnireh  in  the  Unil.^d  Slat,  s 
ot  America,  with  its  noble  aiinv  ot 
bishops  and  missionaries  m  all  p.irtsol 
the  earth.  Tlie  :\Ieth.Hlist  Mission 
House,  on  Fifth  Avenue  and  2()tli 
Street.  IS  one  of  the  truest  builduiLis 
of  the  kind  in  the  world,  and  also  con 
tains  the  head(]uartersot  the  ^letliodist 


Boi 


'  thai 


The 


fury 

lu  lissy.  aud.  AVith  land,  cost  si.ooo  - 
000.  The  Presbyterian  House,  the  old 
Lenox  mansion  on  Fifth  Avenue,  is 
the  liome  of  tlie  Boards  of  Foreiun 
and  Domestic  :\Iissions  of  the  Presbv 


ten 


•ell 


:alitv 


substantial  and  conspicuous  form  on 
Fifth  Avenue.  The  American  Tract 
hocietv.  which  tor  nearly  three  (juarters 
ot  a  eianiir\-  lias  bi'en  luibhsliinu-  and 


of 


nianv  lan-uaues.  to  a  -rea 
the  smaller  kind,  is  now  erecting  in 
Printing-House  bciuare  one  of  the  most 


I  ml 

5 

XEW  YORK:    THE  AMERICAN  COSMOPOLIS. 


1  l>raiulies,  with  tlicii 
ind  entertainments,  i 


u-tments.  The  IJail 
a  notewortliv  ehib-l 
n-  Women's  Chrisli; 


•oust ruction  i 
enurclK'S  an 
:ealeulahle  sii 
k.    Thev  hax 


V, : 

u  f 


•  •  W  Id  I  1'=  ■  I. » 


people  of  oUier  seetions.  Thev  are 
eei'lamh'  ■■ihliiicnt  in  l)U.siiiess.  and 
fervent  iii  s]iiril,  and  to  an  extent 
rarel\-  eipialed  iii  anv  eommnmtv;  and 
niauv  ol  their  numlier  are  serving 
the  Lord.  -  No  other  munieipalitv  in 
the  world's  history  has  liad  unloaded 
upon  It  such  myriads  of  rumcd  iiiimi- 
granl  humanity;  and  yet  by  many 
earnest  and  fortunate  agencies,  man- 
a-i'd  Willi  eoiisiimniate  consecration 
a! Ill  l)ll-Ille^-^  >kill.  1  lieMMinliappy  visit- 
aiioiis  have  been  iiiriied  to  the  advan- 
tage at  once  of  tlie  great  city  and  of 
its  mcoming  children  from  oyer  the 
seas. 

Xe^v  York  is  preeminent  m  the 
number,  yariety  and  efhcieiicy  of  its 
chanties,  ami  numbers  more  than  TOO 
institutions  deyotcd  to  this  noble  pur- 
pose. The  central  point  of  the  chief 
private  organizations  is  the  I  nited 
(  liarities  liuildinu;.  u  nilt  by  John  b. 
Kennedy,  a  magnihcent  se^eii-story 
lire-proof  ediface,  erected  m  1891-93. 
at  a  cost  of  $700,000.  Here  is  the  head- 
(piarters  of  the  Charity  Organization 
^iM  ieiv.  which  carefully  districts  the 
(  in  .  lo  secure  concurrent  action;  the 
Association  lor  Iiiipro\-iim-  the  Condi- 


tion of  the  Poor 
fiftieth  year  ot 
Children's  Aid  > 


.  whieh 


1-  1  i 


1  its 


FIDELITY  AND  CASUALTY  COMPANY  OF  NEW  ^ 


Y,.ik  City  :\Iission  and  Tract  .Society, 
maintaining  60  missionaries  m  the 
city  below  14tli  btreet.     Fifteen  other 


NEW  YORK:    THE  AMERICAN  COSMOPOLIS. 


29 


30 


NEW  YORK:    THE  AM  ERICA  X  COSMOPOLIS. 


by  benevolent  Jews,  am 
every  year.  fet.  I^ukc  s  1 
Hans  in  1840.  and  (ipcin-i 
yearly,  at  a  Cdst  ol  ,sl ()().( 


alluMlral 


.11^  of  t 


:quc 


It  lias  a  eonsincuoiisly  attiac 
tive  group  of  buildings,  and 
promises  to  become  one  ot  the 
most  famous  special  hospitals 
of  the  world.  Beside  these 
u-rcat  mslitulions  tlie  city  has 
well-supported  hospitals  lor 
women.  children,  iiiatcriiltv 
cases,    and   eonvalese.  nts :  for 


lathle 


foi 


eatmc 

(  atliolies.  Italians.  Germans. 
Jews  and  Frenchmen:  and  for 
snllei-ers  li-oiu  consumption, 
ruiitures.  skill  diseases,  and 
affections  of  the  eyes,  ears  or 
throat. 

■While  Americans  m  gen- 
eral, and  Xew  Yorkers  in  par- 
ticular, do  their  full  share 
toward  helping  the  unfortu 
nate,  they  deserve  far  greater 
credit  for  their  incessant  en- 
deavor to  provide  for  those  de- 
pendent on  them  for  support. 
All  kinds  of  bcneyoleiit.  semi 
benevolent  and  philaiitliicjpie 
organizations  arc  i)roduetiye  ol 
^vholesome  results.  But  ehirl 
of  all  these  are  the  numerous 


life 


■ompa 


■al  1 


iihilM 


iid— the  .'Mutual 
italile  Life  and 
<    iafe.  Tliese 


nice  buildings 
.f  anv  citv  in 
of   the  vital 


MERCHANTS'  NATIONAL  BANK. 


proud  i)riniac\'  i 
The  :Mutual  1 
Gom|)aii\-.  touu( 


he  site  of  the  Middle  Dutch 
hurcli.  on  Nassau  Street.  The 
i  iumpliant  advance  of  the  >Iu- 


U'h  the 


<:;((  (Kjii  (1 


of 


jrporations  have  been  < 


ng  tiie  prune  causes  (jf  the 


ivith 


plus  of  M 

icarly  ^;ir.-).n()().(H)0  in  cash.  Its 
Broadway.  Ijetween  Pine  and 
and  equipment,  to  have 
and  1.500  persons  hnd  their  occu- 
!  of  the  architectural  ^vondera 


XEW  TO  RA- 


THE AMERICAX  COSMOPOLIS. 


31 


32 


NBW  YORK:    THE  AMERICAN  ('OSMOPOLIS. 


NEW  YORK:   THE  AMERICAN  COSMOPOLIS. 


$«;M()1.434.  all  of  which  has  boon  accumulated  since  187" 
The  lirooklyii  Life  Insuratice  Company  is  known  ! 
"the  company  for  policv-holdci 
quietly  conducted,  econonncall \- 
aged  institution,  that  for  tliiit\-  \ 
the  smallest  C(jst  possible  in  lilc 
liolders.    It  has  recentlv 
bought  the  Corner  proiKTtv 
adjoining  its  Liberty  Street 
building,  the  corner  being 
one  of  the  most  valuable  in 
the  financial  quarter  of  Xew 
York. 

The  :\rutual  Reserve 
Fund  Life  A  s  soc  i  a  1 1  (.  n. 
whose  president  is  E.  15. 
Harper,  is  the  largest  of  all 
purely  mutual  natural-pre- 
mium companies  in  this  or 
any  other  countrv.  li  lias 
83,000  members,  with  s.';-.', 
000, 000 of  insurance  in  Ion  i 
assets  of  $4,000,000,  and  a 
cash  reserve  fund  of  .|!3.r)0o. 
000.  It  furnishes  life  insur 
ance  at  cost,  in  incontestable 
and  unrestricted  policies,  bv 
wise,  economical  and  sell 
regulating  management. 
The  grand  new  building  at 
Broadway  and  Duane  Street 
IS  one  of  the  architectur;il 
masterpieces  of  the  metroji 
olis.  Its  architect  was  'W  m. 
II.  Hume.  It  will  not  onlv 
afford  a  fitting  home  for  the 
association,  but  iil^-o  make 
great  returns  from  the  rrnt.il 
of  its  many  cxcrllciit  oiliccs. 

i\Iarmc  iiisui-aiicr  bc-an 
here  as  carlv  a^  IT.",'.),  and 
now  has  as  its  urcat  exem- 
plar the  Atlantic  .Alutiial  In- 
surance Company,  which  has 
paid  out  more  than  si ()().( loii.- 
000  for  losses,  and  now  has 
assets  of  ^12.0()0.()0().  It 
stands  easily  at  the  liead  and 
front  of  all  the  marine  insur- 
ance companies  on  this  con- 
tinent. Its  present  building 
at  the  time  of  its  erection  w: 
ture  on  AVall  Street,  but  now 


companies  liav( 
lier  survive  the 

tires  and  contla 


GALLATIN   NATIONAL  BANK. 


Th 


with  the  scores  of  lofty  b 
recent  development  of  the 
The  hrst  local  fire  insui 
1787,  in  a  very  small  way. 


Hidings,  and  plainly  marks  the 


ince  company  was  organized  in 
Since  then  a  long  line  of  local 


Insurance  Company  of  New  \  oi  k  had  s.;iii.nii.!.i)i)()  of 
accident  insurance  in  force  December  .jl.  is'.l-i.  the  larirest 
amount  outstanding  in  any  compuuv  m  the  world.  The 
company  began  business  eight  years  ago.  and.  by  contin- 
ing  itself  solely  to  the  least  hazardous  class,  and,  by 
economical  management,  it  has  accumulated  its  vast  busi- 


^^I:W  YORK:    THE  A2IERICAX  COSMOPOLIS. 


35 


iftu 


•>.\m  p.i 


The  Lawyers'  Title  Iiisuniiice  Companv  is  the  first 
iiistitutiou  ot  Its  class  to  build  its  own  grand  office  bmldmij,- 
in  this  city.  It  looms  up  in  quaint,  historic  and  crookc-d 
Maiden  Lane,  with  height  and  ornatcness  to  attract  gen- 
eral attention.    This  institution  exarames  titles  to  real 


estate  and  guarantees  them 
ducted  by  e.vpert  lawyers, 
their  specialty-,  and  the  -u.i 
substantial  bucking;-  ot  its 
capital  and  surplus  ot  si..") 
Its  guarantee  fund  of  sT.jO.O 
The  Fidelity  and  Casua 


The  examinations  are 
\  lin  make  this  phase  of 
mil  (■  lit  the  company  has 


art.  anil  iiii\\-      the  southeast  corner  ot  Pine  .street.    The  price  paid  for 
(if  s:m  T5.J-      a  part  of  the  real  estate  was  the  lar^-est  sum  which  has 
eyer  been  paid  tor  a  lut  nt  its  si/,,,  u,  this  country.  The 
is  the  first      new  Imildum-  will  br  mie  nl  the  tallest,  most  graceful  and 

Imest  olhrr  sfructuivs  HI  the  Wi.rlil. 

Anothi.'r  great  i  i  si  mn  i- 1 1|  t      si  n  ial  and  philanthropic 
Xew  Yorker  is  tlie  club.,       whirli,  lii-h  .■md  low,  the 
city  has  legion.    The  olil-tiiui-  elub^  wnv  little  coteries  of 
2on-      kindred  minds  who  met  at  llic  Pewter  .^lu-  Tavern,  or  the 
la^v      Bank  Coffee  House,  or  the  Lread  and  Cheese  Club's  re- 
the      unions,  and  chatted  merrily  oyer  their  pipes  and  ale. 


I  and 


Build- 
ing, now  m  course  ot  construction, 
promises  to  be  one  ot  the  handsomest 
m  the  city.  It  is  to  lie  eleyen  stories 
high.  The  property  faces  on  three 
streets,  Cedar.  Temple  and  Church, 
and  lias  a  total  frontage  of  200  leel. 
The  extent  of  the  frontages,  as  com- 
pared with  the  height  of  the  builllillL^ 


has 


labln 


■rllile. 


.  pr 


I  iir 


and  features  not  usually  found  in  such 
structures.  It  will  be  occupied  by  the 
companv,  and  a  coii,siderable  part  will 
be  available  for  tenants.  The  com- 
panv has  grown  rapidly  since  its  or- 
ganization m  lb76.  It  received  last 
year  about  Si, '.33.3. 000  in  premiums, 
which  is  .said  to  be  tlie  hn-vst  iucome 
enioyed  by  aiiv  insiii-aiirr  conipanv  at 


of  1 


lail  rii-amMl  in  its  lines 
Thrse  lines  are  Fidelity 
I  lit,  ]-.mployers  Liability. 
■  iml  Plate  Glass.  The 


merly  I  nited  States  Mmistrr  in  (  'liina 
The  Amerieau  Suretv  ('Dinpaiiv 
provides  securities  and  biimls.  wln  iv 
individuals  -were  b  irim  i  l  \'  rennireil 
This  character  of  insuniin  v  is  imw  I  nr- 
nished  by  several  eompaiiies  but  I  lie 
foremost  of  these  in  tins  t-ountrv  is 
the  American  burety  Company  ot 
New  York.  Its  capital  is  ^;-2-00O-0O(» 
the  largest  of  any  company  in  this 
branch  of  insurance.  This  corpora- 
tion IS  now  erecting  another  ot  those 
great  office  edifices  for  which  this  city 
stands  unrivaled.  It  will  be  a  majes- 
tic structure,  twenty  stories  high  in 
fact,  for  all  the  stories  w  ill  be  full  size 
and  entirely  available  for  rental  pur- 
poses.   Its  location  is  on  Broadway  at 


-            c  -  r  ; '  5  * 

-  i"  ^  -■■ 

)  . 

 —   j-     r  F  r  r  f  ..'    '  _ 

V  . 

■  -  :  t  [fi  F!i  f; ' 

"  In    r ' 

MERCHANTS'   EXCHANGE  NATIONAL  BANK  OF  NEW  YORK 


36 


NEW  YOnK:    THE  AMERICAN  COSMOPOLIS. 


From  such 
social  clubs 
imperial  L( 
jo}-ous  lirot 
is  worthy  ot 


Th,-  1 
and  11 


■  Ihr 


r,l  1 


that  the  coillliillcd  yearly  revenues  of  the  riii.ni  Lea-iic 
and  the  Manhatlaii  'chill.'  from  dues,  meals,  l..d,uiii-s  and 
billiards,  cXccmI  ,U00,I)(MI,  The  enlrall<  e  fee  at  ea,  h  of 
the  larger  clubs  is  about  .s:!()();  the  yearly  dues  are  from 
|T5  to  $100.  Tlic  oldest  is  the  Uuiou  Club,  which  dates  its 
origin  from  183G,  and  has  a  very  handsome  brown  stone 


enue.    There  arc  1.500  inemlicrs.  with  a 
vaiting  list.     Farther  up  the  avenue  is 
ueeu-Anue  house  of  the  Union  League 
■t  of  $400,000,  and  giving  most  luxurious 
1  1,500  members.    This  organization  was 
le  Civil  Wat,  to  forward  the  cause  of 
and  patriotism;  and  has  had  among  its 
,  Kvarts,  Fish  and  Deiiew.     Within  five 
d  also  on  Fifth  Avenue,  is  the  costly 
li  liy  ilir  late  A.  '!".  .sir\\;iri  fur  a  resi- 
wiicd  and  i.eeupicil  I ly  ilii'  Manhattan 
(  lull,  eMiiipi.si-d  nf  a  thdusand  gentle- 
men, mainly  of  those  who  are  inter- 
ested in  the  advance  of  the  Democratic 
party.    Among  other  interesting  asso- 
ciations are  the  ^Metropolitan,  which 
has  a  splendid   new  marble  house 
fronting  on  Central  Park,  and  is  also 
known  as  "  Tlie  Millionaires'  Club"  ; 
the  New  York,  founded  in  1845,  on 
Ciiambcrs  Street,  and  now  on  upper 
I'^ifth  Avenue;  the  Knickerbocker  and 
Calumet  which  both    recruit  their 
membersliip  among  tlic  younger  ele- 
ment in  fashionable  society;   the  St. 
Nicholas,  mainly  composed  of  mem- 
bers of  old  colonial  families;  the  Cen- 
tury, charmingly  hou.sed  in  an  Italian 
Renaissance  palace,  and  largely  made 
111)  of  devotees  of  literature  and  the 
fine  arts;  the  University,  whose  col- 
lege-graduate members  unite  to  ad- 
vance literature,  art  and  mirth;  the 
Harvard,  with  its  masterpiece  of  club- 
liou.se  arcliiteetinv,  just  west  of  Fifth 
Avenue,  on   44th   Street,  jiroviding 
siunptuous  surroundings  for  the  pres- 
ident and  fellows;  the  fiimous  Lotos 
Club,  with  an  elegant  house  on  Fifth 
Avenue ;  and  the  Colonial,  one  of  the 
newest  and  most  betiutifully  housed 
of  the  clubs,  which  has  arranged  to 
allow  the  ladies  of  the  members'  fami- 
lies some  of  its  privileges.    But  these 
are  merely  a  few  of  the  general  clubs. 

The  (icrmans  have  several  fine  and 
co.stly  club-lionses,  especially  those 
belonging  to  the  Harmonic,  and  Pro- 
gress, and  Fidelio  clubs,  and  the 
Deutsclier-Vercin.  The  Catiiolic  Club 
with  a  superb  club-house  on  59th 
Street,  opposite  Central  Park;  and  the 


X  I 


V  theii 


iV^r  YORE:    THE  AM E RICA E  COSMOPOLIS. 


37 


in  The  Players  and  The  Lambs ;  Christian  scholars,  in  tlie 
Quill  Club ;  bibliophiles,  in  the  Grolier  Club ;  writers  and 
makers  of  books,  in  the  Aldine  and  in  the  Authors;  and 
newspaper  men,  in  the  Press  Club.  There  are  a  dozen  or 
more  Greek-letter  fraternities,  each  perpetuating  the  mem- 
ories of  college-days  in  a  snug  club-house.  There  are 
clubs,  with  convenient  homes,  for  clergymen,  merchants, 
lawyers,  engineers,  electricians,  importers,  doctors,  and 
the  members  of  other  professions,  where  matters  of  com- 
mon interest  may  be  discussed  amid  pleasant  surroundings. 
Military  men  v<,\wvn,-  in  the  United  Service  Club,  the  Old 
Guard  ro...nis,  tl,r  Loyal  Legion,  and 
the  Seventh  liruiiuent  \'eteran  Club; 
and  the  o.-)  local  poMs  of  tlie  G.  A.  R. 
also  have  their  halls  and  camp-fires. 
Politicians  find  their  afliliations  at  the 
Sagamore,  Lincoln,  City,  Kepublican. 
Reform,  Democratic,  and  a  score  ot 
other  capital  clubs,  and  at  the  head- 
quarters of  the  Tammanv  Societv  the 
most  powerful  and  invincible  organi- 
zation of  Its  kind  in  the  world.  Xow, 
there  are  many  people  who  heartily 
dislike  the  methods  and  achievements 
of  Tammanv:  but  amid  all  di.ssent, 
this  fact  is  certain:  that  for  many 
years  the  great  metropolis,  with  all  its 
wealth  and  cultivation,  has  been  abso- 
lutelv  ruled  bv  this  particular  orgam- 


from  1849.  The  Central  Turn-Yerein  built  and  for  a  time 
occupied  an  $800,000  turn-halle.  There  are  scores  of 
clubs  for  rowing,  cycling,  shooting,  canoeing  and  fencing, 
and  for  the  careful  development  of  fine  breeds  of  horses, 
dogs  and  cattle. 

In  yachting,  Xew  York  is  far  to  the  fore,  as  becomes  a 
great  sea-port,  and  the  seat  of  almost  illimitable  wealth 
and  enterprise.  The  Xew  York  Yacht  Club,  founded 
awa\-  back  in  1844,  has  300  vessels,  and  its  cit}'  house  is 
on  Madison  Avenue.  It  has  the  custody  of  the  famous 
America  cup ;  and  it  was  a  yacht  of  this  club,  the  gallant 


zatic 


of  < 


and  election  district 


[  the 


de^ 


■oyed 


•s  of  the 
lighty  c 


ippo- 


:\Ivnads  of  the  citizens  take  a  pro- 
found interest  in  athletic  sports,  and 
many  of  the  foremost  professional  and 
amateur  athletes  have  been  developed 
among  these  easy  metropolitans.  The 
New  York  Athletic  Club,  with  its 
3,000  members,  has  a  grand  club-house 
on  Sixth  Avenue,  with  rooms  for 
swimming,  boxing,  running,  and  a 
vast  varietv  of  gymnastic  practices, 
besides  owninLi;  an  island  near  Nc\\ 
Rochelle.  with  a  fine  country  club- 
house. The  :\ranhattan  Athletic  Club 
had  a  membership  of  3.000.  and 
erected  the  most  complete  club-house 
for  athletic  sports  in  the  world.  The 
Raccjuet  and  Tennis  Club,  with  its 
beautiful  Romanesque  house  on  4o<l 
Street,  is  the  oldest  association  of  the 
kind  in  the  United  States,  and  has  a 
larue  and  entliusiastic  membership. 
The  Xew  York  Turn-Verein  includes 
a  great  number  of  German  devotees 
of  active  sports,  and  dates  its  origin 


38 


NEW  YORK:    THE  AMERICAN  COSMOl'OLIS. 


Vt'jthiiit.  which  (Icfeiulrd  this  trophv  ;iij,;uust  the  lintish 
yacht  \  t(//.'i/rn:  m  l.S!):j.  beatniii:  her  in  three  straight 
races,  tluis  sustamiug  tlie  supremacy  of  Aincncaii  yachts 
wliich  this  country  has  maintamed  for  more  than  forty 
years.  The  American  Yacht  Club,  tlie  ^?eawaiihaka 
Corinthian  Yacht  Club,  and  other  great  oriranizations  ot 
this  class,  make  the  waters  around  New  1  oi  k  livi'h-  (Iui  iuli- 
the  long  and  pleasant  summers,  and  jircserNc  ihi'  s|iirii  i>t 
maritime  adventure  in  thousands  of  lu'ii^ht  nouiii;  men. 

The  financial  center  of  the  United  f?tatcs  has  long  Ijcen 
established  at  New  York,  and  it  is  predicted  oy  sagacious 


and  couseryative  men  that  before  an- 
other century  lias  far  advanced,  liere 
will  ])e  the  money  capital  of  the  world. 
Already  the  accumulated  wealth  and 
banking  capital  at  this  point  has 
created  heretofore  unheard-of  cor- 
porate powers,  has  marvelously  stim- 
ulated speculative  activity,  and  has 
organized  credit  on  a  scientific  basis. 
At  first,  Philadelplii.i  took  the  lead, 
and  established  the  (  aili.  >i  American 
bank.  That  cil  v  was  call.-.l  by  a  trav- 
eler of  the  earlv  part  of  the  century, 
"  the  London  of  America,"  while  he 
tt'avc  to  N"ew  York  the  provincial  title 
of  "  the  Liverpool  of  America."  Sub- 
sequently, with  the  vigorous  develop- 
ment of  coiiunerce  and  manufactures, 
the  city  on  the  Hudson  slowly  but 
very  surely  moved  ahead  of  the  city 
on  the  Delaware,  especially  after  the 
retirement  of  the  Bank  of  the  United 
States.  The  annals  of  Wall  Street,  for 
the  past  half  century,  have  been  varied 
by  many  exciting  episodes,  such  as  the 
suspension  of  specie  payments  in  1857, 

-  -  __j  magnificent  rally  of  the  banks  in 
I  Ea  aid  of  the  Government  during  the  Re- 
^;ta           bellion,  the  tragedy  of  Black  Friday, 

—  and  the  preservation  of  the  interior 
banks  in  1873,  1884,  1890,  and  during 
the  so-called  silver  panic  of  1893,  by 
the  issue  of  vast  amounts  in  Clearing 
House  certificates.  The  National  Bank- 
ing Act  of  1805  practically  constituted 
New  York  the  depository  of  the  bank- 
ing reserves  of  the  entire  Republic. 
In  the  neighborhood  of  $575,000,000 
arc  held  m  deposit  hj  the  metropolitan 
banks,  and  nearly  half  of  this  amount 
IS  nionc\-  ot  country  banks.  Another 
urand  lactor  is  represented  by  the 
private  banking  houses,  whose  deal- 
ings in  foreiirn  exchange  alone  amount 
to  from  fifteen  to  twenty  billions  of 

'-"^^^^  dollars  a  year.      The   local  money 

market,  furnishing  the  value  and  supply  of  cajiital 
for  almost  the  entire  Lnioii,  includes  among  its  agencies 
upwards  of  50  National  banks  and  about  50  State  banks, 
with  au-n;regated  resources  approximating  $(550,000,000, 
ca]iitalized  at  nearly  $70,000,000,  and  with  surpluses  of 

Si\lv  tour  of  these  are  united  m  the  Clearing  House 
Assdciaiioii.  ihe  most  iiii|iortaiit  piece  (it  tinancuil  mechan- 
ism 111  the  wiii'kL  \vhose  t raiisacUons  have  already  exceeded 
(liie  tnllioii  doU(irn.  This  colossal  institution  is  primarily 
a  medium  for  the  prompt  settlement  of  bank  exchanges, 


JVBW  YORK:    THE  AM E RICA  X  C0SMUP0LI8. 


39 


but  it  also  stands  as  the  formal  and 
efficient  orii-anization  by  which  the 
banks  may  act  m  unison  in  times  of 
emergency.  The  Clcariiiij;  House  is 
domiciled  at  >>assau  and  Pine  streets, 
but  the  Association  is  erecting  on 
Cedar  btreet,  between  Nassau  btreel 
and  Broadway,  one  of  the  most  beau- 
tiful structures  on  the  continent.  It 
was  designed  by  Robert  W.  Gibson, 
and  will  tend  to  encourage  a  higher 
artistic  treatment  ot  business  build- 
ings, and  be  a  tittmg  and  permanent 
home  for  the  chief  organization  ot  the 
American  hnancial  world,  i  he  (kin- 
ernment  is  represented  lu  the  (  IcaniiL: 
House  Association  b\-  the  Assisiimi 
Treasurer,  whose  olbcc,  m  the  Ik  ihi 
tiful  classic  Sub-Treasur\'  huildm--  .■n 
Wall  Street,  conducts  two  tinnls  t.i 
the  direct  money  dcainiiis  ni  iIm 
United  States  with  the  public  Dm 
ing  a  single  year,  tlic  liscal  iii(i\(  - 
ment  through  this  ai;eiic\-  has  n  achrd 
nearly  three  billion  dollars,  and  at  one 
time  its  vaults  contained  ^'J.Jo.OOO.OOO 
in  cash. 

Ne.xt  (h)()r  to  the  hub-  I  reasury  is 
the  United  States  Assay  ofhce.  which 
occupies  the  former  building  of  the 
Bank  of  the  Lmted  Stales.  The  Assay 
office  is  a  department  of  the  ]\Iint.  Its 
function  is  to  relme  precious  metals, 
and  during  its  existence  the  office  has 
treated  over  !|1,00().()0().()0()  in  irold  and 
silver  bullion. 

The  Stock  Exchaniic  is  the  third 
member  of  the  trio  of  which  the  Suli 
Treasury  and  the  banks  are  the  dtlii  i 
components.  In  popidar  cstiiiiat  inn, 
the  market  for  securities,  iiidc.d,  is  thr 
most  conspicuous  ieature  ol  W  all 
Street  life.  The  New-  \  ork  »toek 
change  is  an  integral  part  ot  the  coun- 
try's financial  system,  its  influence  and 
fame,  in  fact,  extending  throughout 
the  world.  It  supplies  the  market  for  the  immense 
amounts  of  stocks  and  bonds  of  the  railroad  and  industrial 
corporations  which  develop  the  national  resources.  Tlie 
total  par  value  of  such  .securities  admitted  to  its  "lists" 
and  open  to  dealings  on  the  Board  is  some  ten  billion 
dollars.  The  Exchange  originated  in  1792.  It  has  a 
membership  of  1,100,  the  value  of  its  "seats,"  which 
have  sold  as  high  as  $32,000,  being  now  about  $20,000 
each.  Its  marble  building,  in  Renaissance  style,  faces  on 
Broad  Street,  extending  through  to  New  Street,  and  con- 
tains the  great  Board  room  in  which  its  sessions  are  held 


NINTH  NATIONAL  BANK  OF  NEW  YORK. 

daily  from  10  to  :i  o'clock,  and  wlier 
its  members  are  conducted.  In  e.xci 
tioii  the  dealings  of  a  siu.^le  day 


the  Inisy  scene  where  the  great  t 
Gould  and  Vanderbilt  and  other 
carried  out. 


NEW  YORK:    THE  AMERICAX  COSMOPOLIS. 


41 


Tlie  Consolidated  Stock  and  Pctfoleniii 
2.000  inemlHTs,  has  a  liandsonic  btuldnii;- 
way.  and  transacts  a  varied  business  in 
stocks  and  oil  certificates.  The  Ncw-lo 
cliange  limits  its  nieinbersliii)  to  3.000.  ; 
greater  part  of  tlie  farm  products  e.vjxjrted 
States.  Its  avcrai^'c  dailv  l)nsniess  l.cm-- 


;  the 


om  the  United 
."■>,000,000.  It 

occupies  a  mamiiliccnt  Ilahaii  licnaissaiicc  structure,  near 
Bowling  Green,  erected  at  a  cost  of  over  s;!, 000,000,  and 
adorned  with  a  noble,  detached  tower,  2'2.-,  feet  hiirh.  It 
stands  as  the  peer  of  any  kindred  buildimx  in  any  land. 
The  Ncw-'iork  ( otton  E.xcliaiine  has 
a  million-dollar  building  on  Hanover 
Square.  The  New-York  Coiree  E.\- 
change  and  likewise  the  New-lork 
Wool  E.vchange  are  at  present  erect- 
ing imposing  buildini^s  adapted  to 
their  constitueucies.  'I  he  city  also  has 
busy  exchanges  for  the  handling  of 
fruit,  butter  and  cheese,  real  estate, 
building  matcnals,  drv  i^oods.  lumber 
and  other  coniniodil ics  w  inch  seek  this 
great  commercial  ccnti  r  tor  a  market. 

The  three  ol.lcst  liaiiks  arc  the 
Bank  of  New  York,  louiidcd  l.v  .M.'.x- 
ander  Hamilton  in  17^4:  tlic  Man- 
hattan Company,  charleicd  ilirou^h 
Aaron  Burrs  influence,  m  l.'.i'.l,  as  a 
water-works  corporation  :  and  the  Mer- 
chants' National  Bank.  estal)lishe(l  in 
1803,  1)V  leading  merchants  who  de- 
sired a  bank  Irce  from  the  complica- 
tions ot  iiolilic.il  inlluciicc.     The  c.)n- 


of  $2,000,001).  ami 
Mechanics'  Bank  ISu 
States  Sub-Treasurv 
The  Bank  of  .\ni 
Republic,  founded 


1S12.  has  for  ( 


.Mrl 


chu 


eathercd  i 


the  i 


the  s 


istitution  still 
site  which  it  look  up  in  the  dawn  of 
the  ceiiturv.  Its  stockholders  have 
included  many  of  the  foremost  men  of 
New  York,  and  tinder  siic'li  influences 
the  policy  of  the  institution  has  been 
careful,  straiiihl  forw  ard  and  efhcient. 
These  three  inland  old  institutions,  the 
Merchants  Naiional.  iln'  ."\Ianhattau 
and  the  Bank  ol"  >,,.w  York  have  al- 
ways stood  as  three  i^i'eat  monetary 
fortresses  of  the  country.  1  he  mai;- 
nihcent  building-  of  the  :Merchants 
Bank,  erected  conjointly  with  the 
Manhattan  Company,  is  one  of  the 
most  costly  in  Wall  Street. 

The  Jlechanics'  National  ISaiil;  is 
the  fourth  oldest  of  the  Ncw-^<.rk 
City  banks.  For  ei<;lity-tivc  vcais, 
ever  since  1810.  it  has  transacted 
business  on  the  same  spot,  Nos.  81 


NEW  YORK:    THE  AMERICAN  COSMOPOLIS. 


43 


and  f 


0  ()(J0,  and 
10. 000. 000 
to  condi- 


the  deposits  laiiueb 
and  Si 2.000.00(1.  m 
tions  in  tlie  inoiiev  market.  Its  co 
ncctious  are  co-e.Meiisi  ve  with  tl 
borders  of  tins  count r\'. 

The  Xational  Park  Bank  of  Xe 
York  lias  the  remarkable  distmetK 
of  lieiiiii:  ahsolutelv  the  kindest  bar 
in  the  ^United  States,  in  depnsit 
resources  and  business.  It  occuiir 
a   rich   and  ornate   lire-]in)ol  liuiL 


ing  of 


larbk 


opposite 


Chapel.  In  ; 
•n-hite  and  u'old  rotumla  12.",  ollii-ials 
are  emidoved  ;  ami  thi'  iinprei,Mialile 
treasure-vault  contains  tidiii  sId.udo.. 
000  to  Sl.j.OOO  OOO  in  sprci,.  and  imli  s. 
Here  also  is  a  great  sale-dep. .-it  vaidt. 
where  hundreds  of  wealtliv  persons 
and  corporations  keep  their  millions  of 
treasure.  The  total  resources  ot  the 
Park  Bank  varv  from  s:!.-|.000.0()0  to 
$40,000.00(1.  and  its  ramilieations  tire 


1  Bank  < 


public 


The  X; 

of  Xew  York  is  the  (iwn.  r  .  .1  one  undi- 
vided half  of  the  conspicuous  United 
Bank  Buildiiiir.  loraldl  at  thi'  corner 
of   Broadwav  and  .street,  the 

most  valual)Ii-  pu  re  d  latnl  in  the 
three  Americas,  and  iinmcdiatelv  op- 
posite Trinity  Churcli.  ^\  itliin  the 
last  ten  vetirs  the  bank  lias  largely 
increased  its  business.  Its  deposits 
have  risen  from  below  s."",, 000,(100  to 
over  S15. 000.000.  and  assets  of  sT.ooo,- 
000  to.':!18.000.000.  Tlie  capital  of  the 
bank.  SI, 500,000,  is  rei-nlciced  bv  sur- 
plus and  preiits  e\eeediim-  a  million 
of  dollars,  and  inativ  :,tf,iim-  names  are 
represented  on  tlie  bnard  ot  dircetoi-s. 
The  bank  has  a  world-wide  buMiiess 
as  correspondent  ot  tinaucial  insiiiu- 
tions.  and  hence  en]ovs  ii  general  inter- 
national fame. 

The  Hanover  Xati,.nal  Bank  is  recoL 
the  ablest  and  most  energeticallv  nianai^t 
tutions  m  this  countrv.     Its  transactions 

Union,    and    its   e  petenl     inalia -  liieir 

widelv.  It  lias  ^i-o--  i.s.rt.ofalioul  s;:;n,() 
Its  capital  ol  si, (100, 0(10  ;  surpbi-aml  prot 
deposits  of  almost  !f'2T,00(.),000.  and  net  i 
$23,000,000.  It  is  one  of  the  most  prospe 
city,  and  the  volume  of  itsyearlv  transact 

The  Corn  Exchange  Bank,  founded 
first  financial  institution  to  lend  monc 


UNION  TRUST  COMPANY  OF  NEW  YORK. 


■d  witli  the 
V  Its  pri- 
c-ssful  and 


lets  the  tl 
narkable  i 


44 


.YBW  YORK:    THE  AMERICAN  COSMOPOLIS. 


on  tlic  ,un 
8qua>v,  a 


•est  funds,  take 


rstates,  ciillt'Ct  rents 
ts  fur  States,  cities, 
'i>ri)i)rations.  There 
larc,  with  capitals 
assets,  at  times,  of 


'V\u-  Fa 


1  '\'r 


onipa 


e.l  il 


The  bank  s 

The 
imposing  i 


;  beeonimg  an 
t  the  country. 


1  ]!n 


ilwa 


Stri 


e.l 


f(ir  ils  cmnectinns  witli  1lic  dry  -nods 
and  allied  trades.  Its  capital  is  SToO,- 
000,  its  surplus  and  profits  nearly 
$400,000,  aud  its  deposits  api^roacii 
$6,000,000.  It  was  organized  in  1804, 
and  is  one  of  the  thrifty  linaneial  insti- 
tutions of  New  York, 

The  Fifth  Avenue  ISank  is  one  of 
the  luost  notable  banks  of  this  country. 
The  par  value  of  its  stock  is  SlOO, 
■while  its  market  price  is  .s-J,()U(»  or 
more  per  sliai'e.  'With  a  capital  of 
$100,000  it  has  a  surplus  and  undi- 
vided profits  of  more  than  SI ,1)0(1, 0(10 ; 
and  il  has  a  deposit  line  of  .about 
$7,000,000.  Its  location  is  in  one  of 
the  most  superb  disi  rici  ^  on  fiiili  .\\-c- 
nue,  at  the  corner  of  llili  Mici  i,  and 
its  clientele  includes  many  of  New 
York's  millionaires. 

The  trust  companies  of  Xew  York 
form  one  of  ils  most  interesting  fea- 
tures. In  this  respect  our  city  has  no 
rival  in  all  the  world,  and  not  even 
London  can  approacli  to  the  vast  scope 
of  these  fiduciary  institutions.  Indeed, 
the  trust  c.nip.any.  «i(li  its  wonderful 

American  institution,  unparalleled  in 
Europe.  .'\I(ich  of  the  wealth  of  the 
whole  cotuitry  is  held  in  ilie  care  of 
these     organizations,     which  alTord 


tstlv 


tha 


could 


iidivii 


ized  b.Hlii^s  of  men.  They  act  as 
executors  and  guardians,  hold  funds 
in  litigation,  do  a  general  banking 


and  is  therefore  the  oldest  trust  company  in  the  United 
States.  It  is  one  of  the  mo.st  widely  known  aud  largest  of 
the  trust  companies.    It  has  a  capital  of  iSl.OOO.OOO,  a 


FARIV1ERS'  LOAN  AND  TRUST  COtVIPANY  OF  NEW  YORK. 


XBW  YORK:   THE  AMERICAN  COSMOPOLIS. 


45 


surplus  exceeding  $4,000,000,  and  deposits  of  more  than 
$30,000,000.  Its  building  at  the  corner  of  William  and 
Beaver  streets  is  one  of  the  finest  liank  liuildings  in  the 
city;  in  it  an  i-lc-ant  ili-iiaruni-ni  fm- the  a<-c(iniiii(iilatii>n 
of  ladies  transaciin-  Im-inc-^  wiili  the  cnmpany.  The 
Farmers'  Loan  ^  Trust  (  nnipany  acts  in  capacity  of 
executor  and  administrator  of  cstatrs,  as  -  uanlian  of  the 
estates  of  minors,  as  trustee  ami  (  iisinilian  ol'  the  securi- 
ties of  individuals  as  -well  as  corporations,  and  in  all 
capacities  of  a  flduciary  character.  Its  trusteeship  of  rail- 
road mortgages  is  very  large. 


The  Xew-York  Life  Insurance  and  Trust  Company, 
chartered  in  is;!0,  is  one  of  the  oldest  of  these  corpora- 
tions. It  was  the  tlrst  life  insiu-ance  C'ompany  in  New- 
York  State;  hut  after  tlic  lisc  of  the  -reat  nuitual  com- 
a  ceniury  a-o.  it  icdueed  this  feature, 
oys  the  remarkable  distinction  of  being 


This  comiiauy  enjoys  t 
the  foremost  eorporatio 
of  private  trusts,  from 
documents,  and  has  als 


1  the  ^ 


1  the 


lent 


ills,  deeds  of  trusts  and  similar 
a  large  business  in  the  funds  of 
religious  and  benevolent  societies,  and  in  mone\  s  held  for 
liduciary  agents.  It  has  $27,000,000  in  assets,  and  always 
keeps  several  millions  in  cash  in  its 
vaults,  so  as  to  be  above  the  utmost 
reach  of  panics.  The  par  value  of  the 
stock  is  $100  a  share,  but  its  selling 
value  is  above  $600. 

The  United  States  Trust  Company, 
the  largest  in  America,  stands  in  the 
very  front  rank  of  the  world  s  lidu- 
ciary institutions,  and  has  .-s-.'  iioo.ooo 
of  capital,  $8,500,000  of  sm  plus,  about 
$40,000,000  of  deposits,  and  s.-.o.ooi),- 
000  of  gross  assets.  This  .ahnost  incal- 
culable and  uiij)aialleleil  business  is 
conducted  in  the  ((impaiiy's  grand 
Ilomane.S(iue  building,  erected  in  1888, 
at  45  and  47  Wall  Street.    The  trus- 


tees include 


lives 


of  the 


ny  eminent  representa- 
ealth  and  stability  of 


CENTRAL  TRUST  COMPANY  OF  NEW  YORK. 


rei;istrar,   and    transfer   agent  reach 

The  f  nion  Trust  Company, 
founded  in  1864,  is  one  of  Christen- 
dom's strongest  tinancial  i)illars,  for 
it  has  assets  of  above  ^:;(i.0()0.000,  and 
a  surplus  oi  $4, ODD. 000.  on  a  capital 
stock  of  $1,000,000,  Its  stock  sells  at 
a  share,  and  pays  twenty  per 
(i  nt.  annual  dividends.  The  home  of 
the  institution  is  a  noble  and  lofty 
modern  building  on  Broad wa}',  over- 
looking Trinity  Churchyard.  It  is 
one  of  the  choicest  specimens  of  office 
architecture  on  the  continent.  The 
Union  Trust  Comjiany  has  developed 
an  extensive  Inisiness  as  executor, 
it  uardian,  administrator  or  trustee,  and 
as  a  depositorj'  for  trust  moneys,  a 
ii  ustee  for  corporation  mortgages,  a 
rci^istrar  of  stocks,  etc. 

The  Central  Trust  Company  of 
New  York  occupies  an  imposing  brick 
and  granite  building  on  AYall  Street, 
opposite  the  Custom  Hou.se,  and  has 
gross  assets  exceeding  $37,000,000. 


NEW  YORK:    THE  AMERICAN  COSMOPOLIS. 


47 


Its  stock  commands  a  price  higher  than  tliat  of  any  other 
trust  company  in  the  world,  and  represents  a  prodigious 
and  increasiiii;-  husincss  as  cxcrutor,  guardian,  trustee, 
depository,  iv-i-l  i  ai\  li-an-ln-  ai^^il  and  l>ank,  Trmien- 
dous  railroad,  cm'p,  iral  ion  and  o^talr  1  ransaci ions  are 
favored  by  the  perfect  lac  iliti.  s  ol  ilir  (Vntral  Trust  Com- 
pany, whose  intluence  is  felt  wherever  Aineiiean  capital 
is  invested. 

The  ^Manhattan  Trust  Company  o(  eui>ies  a  peculiarly 
prominent  and  valuable  site.  It  is  immediately  across  the 
street  from  the  Stock  E.xchange  and  likewise  the  United 
States  Sub-Treasury  with  its  adjoining 
Assay  office.  It  is  thus  at  the  strategic 
financial  heart  of  the  Republic,  and  in 
accord  with  its  active  site  it  is  an  en- 
tirely progressive  tiduciary  institution, 
building  up  and  maintaining  important 
ramitications  at  many  centers.  It  trans- 
acts the  entire  line  of  business  usual 
to  the  modern  trust  company. 

The  savings  banks  are  to  the  great 
mass  of  the  people  what  the  trust  com- 
panies are  to  the  wealthy  estates  and 
corporations.  Those  of  New-York 
City  alone  have  deposits  of  8350,000,- 
000,  and  surplus  resources  of  $50,000,- 
000  more;  and  this  colossal  treasure, 
equal  to  the  ransom  of  empires,  and 
representing  the  hopes  and  welfares  of 
over  a  million  working  people,  is  jeal- 
ously guarded  by  rigid  legislative  en- 
actments. 

Several  of  these  savings  banks  have 
deposits  ranging  from  |30,000,000  to 
$50,000,000  each.  Some  have  erected 
bank  buildings  solely  for  their  own 


result  of 
land. 

The  financial  center  of  the  coi 
quarters  of  its  capitalists,  and  of 


of  the  printers  throughout  the 


he  natural  head- 
enterprises  and 

corporations.  The  money  and  stoel^  niail^  is  which  New- 
York  affords  are  controlling  factors  in  many  classes  of 
business.  The  necessity  of  a  close  couuectiou  with  the 
banks  and  trust  companies  of  the  metropolis,  and  with  the 
Stock  E.xchange,  increase  in  proportion  to  the  importance 
and  extent  of  the  interests  involved  in  business  undertak- 
ings.   In  this  way  the  great  city  attracts  to  itself  and 


use,  i 


Oilie 


buildings  on  valual. 
these  are  the  IJanlc  1 
known  as  the  Bleeck 
Bank,  now  about  t 
superb  structure  on 
and  23d  Street  ;  the 
Bank,  now  erecting 
ing  on  its  long-occi 
Bowery,  near  Grand  ^ 
wich  Savings  Bank, 
constructed  granite 
Avenue  and  16th  Street,  and  the  Union 
Dime  Savings  Institution,  with  its  con- 
spicuous building  at  one  of  the  impor- 
tant junctions  in  New  York  City  —  that 
is,  Greeley  Square,  where  Broadway 
and  Sixth  Avenue  cro.ss  at  32d  Street. 
Just  in  front  of  the  Union  Dime 
Savings  Institution  now  stands  the 
Horace  Greeley  statue,  which  is  the 


into  its 


a  grand  Iniild- 
liied  site  in  the 
reet;  the  Green- 
nth  its  recently 
•diflce  on  Sixth 


E  LOEB  BUILDING:   KUHN,   LOEB  &  CO. 


48 


NEW  YORK:    THE  A  ME  RICA  X  COSMO  PO  LIS. 


yEW  YORK:    THE  AMERICAN  COSMOPOLIS. 


51 


Square  and  Madison  Square  and  into  the  region  of  liotels 
and  tlieaters,  and  of  fasliionable  retail  shoppiniz;.  Nearly 
two  mdes  beyond  it  reaches  Central  Park,  from  which, 


of  the 


IS  pr 


miles  iarthei 
part  ot  the  e 


imI  upp.' 


irouu-h  the  pleasant  and 
.  and  Ijetween  the  Kivers 
was  with  reasou  that  I.ady  ?»rary  Wortley 
called  this  ■■the  lengthy  Mississippi  of  streets."  On  either 
side-  crowded  and  liusy  transverse  thoroughfares  run  down 
to  the  North  River  and  to  the  East  I'dver,  lined  by  blocks 


disease,  cuisines  out-classing  those  of  Paris,  frecilom  from 
extortion,  and  unusual  architectural  s[)leudor. 

As  to  hotels,  tlierefore,  the  Empire  City  acknowledges 
no  eipiid  among  the  great  cities  of  Christendom,  The  first 
h.i  al  mil  (  rected  by  the  Dutch  West  India  Company,  iu 
lO  fJ,  was  a  very  quaint  stone  building  near  Coenties  Slip. 
Tiiirty  years  later  the  tavern  charges  -^vere  fixed  by  the 
Direelor-CJeneralas  follows:  Lodging,  four  pence  a  night ; 
meals,  eight  jience  and  one  shilling;  and  rum,  three  pence 
a  gill.    In  later  years,  the  Queen  Catharine,  Fraunce's 


the 


•Id's  --hipl 


of  BniadwaN-  >liouM  l„-  suspended,  the 
nerve  of  American  in-ospcrity  would 
be  cut. 

Fifth  Avenue,  the  grand  residence 
street  of  the  aristocratic  families,  is 
the  outgrowth  of  IJmadway  and  its 
connected  trade  avenues,  lor  the  lor- 


tunes  made  down 
in  the  splendid  1 
Square.  'I  his  i 
Fauboiiru-  M  ,  (  e  i 
home  of  the  new- 
patrician  tamihe^ 


are  triM-lN  .spent 

;  al.oNe  .M;nliso,l 

of  Aiiaa-ica,  tiie 
and  of  the  old 
ouL^ed  for  social 
heaven  ot  thoiisiinds  oi  amlntious  men 
toiling  and  scheming-  m  remote  parts 
of  the  world.  The  houses  are  for  the 
most  part  high  and  narrow,  and  devoid 
of  architectural  effects ;  but  their  inter- 
iors are  replete  with  the  ingenious  de- 
vices and  comfort  of  the  Jiii  da  silcle, 
and  abound  in  treasures  of  art  and  lit- 
erature. The  most  e.xlularat inn- and  en- 
tertaining street  scenes  HI  Aiiiei  K  a  may 
be  found  on  Fifth  Avenue,  lai  a  pli  .is- 
ant  Sunday,  when  beauty  and  fashion 
throng  the  pavements,  and  Ww.  drivc;- 
way  is  filled  with  patrician  carriages. 

No  other  city  in  the  world  can 
boast  of  such  a  line  of  splentlid  hotels 
as  graces  a  single  thoroughfare  in 
New  York  —  tiie  long  vistas  of  Fifth 
Avenue,  among  the  great  churches  and 
club-houses  and  the  patrician  homes. 
Nor  are  there  anywhere  else  houses  for 
pulilic  entertainment  which  coiiihine 
in  such  a  superlative  degree  the  ln-h 
est  luxuries  of  the  most  modern  en  ili 
zation.  These  immense  houses,  as 
strong  as  fortresses,  as  ornate  as  pal- 
aces, and  as  richly  finished  as  jewel 
caskets,  are  distinguished  for  spacious 
public  apartments,  infallible  safe- 
guards   against    conflagration  and 


HOLLAND  HOUSE.  — H.  M.  K'NSLEY  &  BAUMANN. 


NEW  YORK:    THE  AMERICA  X  COSMOPOLIS. 


hotels  is  hctwc.. II  .Madison  Siiuuru  and  C'rutral  1 
Fourth  iuid  Suvcuth  avenues,  espeeially  near 
Square,  and  ah)nir  IJroadway  aad  Piftli  Aveiuic. 


piiblie)  is  another  of  tli 
I'lfth  Aveuue  upon  llir 


lire 


Vd,M 


rds 


1.1 


lofty  hotel  in  the  world,  its  sev<  nteen 
Stories  reaching  a  lieiuht  of  ',>:;4  feet 
In  Its  construction,  furnislnnijs  and 
equipment  it  is  one  of  the  glories  of 
the  nineteenth  century. 

Opposite  the  mam  uatewav  to  the 
glorious  Central  Park  rise  the  twelve 
stones  of  the  sumptuous  and  perfect 
Hotel  Savoy,  steel-framed,  tire  proof 
througliout.  and  witli  suites  in  the 
Englisli.  Greek.  Ponqieian.  Renais- 
sance and  First  hniiiire  stvles,  rich  in 
lasper.  colored  marbles,  satmwood, 
mosaics,  sculptures  and  frescoes,  and 
superbly  equipped  in  every  way.  All 
tlie  resources  of  art  and  science  have 
been  freely  lavished  on  this  wonderful 
structure. 

Also,  at  the  main  entrance  to  Cen- 
tral Park  IS  the  vast  and  splendid  Plaza 
Hotel,  built  at  a  cost  of  over  «.()()(). - 
000.  and  opened  in  Is'.M).  'I'his.  tun.  is 
a  solid  and  fire-proot  sti-iictnic.  dmiii- 
hed,  massive  and  e.xteiisnc.  witli  ."iUO 
feet  of  frontage  on  the  three  border- 
ing streets,  and  oceupvinir  the  whole 
of  Fifth  Avenue  from  ."isth  to  ."iOth 


Street.  The  interior  is  rich  ' 
ican  onyx,  enfoliatcd  bronze 
marble  mosaics,  carved  n 
I  retted  gold,  and  inaiiy  luie 
It  is  an  ideal  hotel. 

Another  of  the  jialatial 
Fifth  Avenue,  m  tlie  richest 
patrician  residence  (|Uaiter  o 
AVorld.  is  Holland  House,  at 
of  30th  Street,  witli  liiiely 
street  fronts  ot  feet.  ;i 


itli  .^le.x- 


pn 


of  c 


Hoi 


HOTEL  NEW  NETHERLAND  ( 


el  of  deli-ht 
tails,  culmtiry  and  sa 
artistic  ;ind  a'sthctic. 


n  a  thousaiul  de- 
iitary.  as  well  as 
It  IS  unsurr 


NEW  YOBK:    THE  AMERICAN  COSMOFOLIS. 


53 


by  any  hotel  on  either  continent.  Its  patron 
eminent  people  of  both  continents.  Ainnni; 
unique  devices  for  tlie  acconiniodation  ot  its  Lnu 


-)()()  000  till  ^luii  i\ 
■  on  Park  Avenue  ; 


Telesi 


.  1)V  niea 
er  on  the 


ratus  known  as  the  llerzo-  a  i^ardeii 
a  iruest  bv  inerelv  movinij  myriads 
room  mstantlv  signifies  to  the      Central  .'- 


oflice  ]ust  his  desires. 

I  he  "\\  indsor  Hotel  is  tamous  the  world  over  as  one  ot 
tlie  most  admirabh-  conducted  hostelries  on  either  conti- 
nent. Its  i.atron- includ.' eminent  families  from  all  parts 
of  the  w.iiM.     Its  lMr:,ii.m  i-,  .m  -lori.nis  Fiftii  Avenue 

andd    chuivhi-,.    IVMdcllcr-.    ;U1(1  club- 


(Jrace  Church;  the  Westminster.  cl,.se 
and  a  favorite  with  En-lish  tourist- 
Central,  one  of  the  lar-est  in  the  ( 
guests  have  been  accommodated  at  o 
grand    old-stvle    rotundas,  coniinodioi 


and  is  one 
It  is  but  a 
Grand  Cei 
cuiiles  the 


nd  p:,la, 


bil 


,.f  Ihr 


1  the 


the  Amer- 


Ib.tel  on  Fifth 
of  .")Oth  Street. 


the 


Xew-York  Iiotels.  It  is  not  far  distant 
from  tlie  Grand  Central  Station,  and 
entirely  Avitlim  the  choicest  residence 
district.  It  IS  on  the  European  jdan. 
and  i.s  conducted  m  the  most  highly 
commendable  manner  and  enjoys  a 
very  distinguished  patrona-e. 

The  Fifth-Avrnur  lb,t,.I  ,.\lnrrir:,, 
plan)  lias  lioi-nc  :i  n,  uoiis  imit  ;i 

the  public  lite  ot  the  metroiiolis.  ami 
has  been  ideutitied  with  the  most  not- 
able local  events  of  the  generation, 
since  Its  openinii-.  m  ISoO.  Both  loca- 
tion and  management  have  contrib- 
uted to  Its  i)rospenty.  The  house 
fronts  upon  :\la(lison  Siniure.  the  most 
charmiiii;-  of  the  smaller  parks  of  the 
city,  at  the  junction  ot  liroadway  and 
Fifth  Avenue,  tin-  two  -icat  thorough- 
fares. It  IS  unsurpass(  il  m  the  number 
and  spaciousness  ot  it^  i ,  ,i  i  id> -i-.  halls 
and  public  rooms,  and  I  he  i  ohuik  kIious 
character  of  its  guot-ioi  ,nis.  It  is 
famous  the  world  over  lor  its  admir- 
able management  and  its  illustrious 
guests. 

Among  other  notable  hotels  are 
the  Imperial,  an  architectural  dream, 


HOTEL  SAVOY. 


54 


NEW  YORK:    THE  AMERICAN  COSMOPOLIS. 


thoroughly  homc-li 
politan  Hotel  on 


,  lIcIV 


lin 


^vick,    ISrislnl,    N,n-in;iii<lic,  Vcmlomr,    ISarl lioldi,    (!nili<l,  culled  the  Xavurro  Flab 

St.  James,   llancit,   .Aladisoii  Avenue,   .New  Anistenlani,  value  (if  any  such  stnicl 

and  scores  of  others;  and  not  even  to  note  a  grouj)  of  are  said  to  have  cost  ST, ( 

semi-hotels,  and  apartment  houses  which  cover  a  great  most  interesting  group 


^()nlelunes 
(■  greatest 
•a.  They 
ine  of  tlie 
1  on  either 
.")!ltli  and 


ii.l  , 


Willi  the 


ci.uia  distinct  structures,  all  united, 
and  all  opening  into  one  grand  court. 
Everything  possible  in  substantial, 
wliolesome,  and  artistic  construction 
was  inti-iidueed  into  these  apartment 
liuildiiiLis.  which  are  the  liomes  of 
many  u.allliy  and  relined  families. 
.J.Jennin  -sMcC.'omh.one  of  New  York's 
millionaire  capitalists,  is  tlie  owner  of 
this  vast  and  valuable  property. 

The  ]Iot<l  Majestic  is  a  most  nota- 


250 


ble  undertaking 
proaching  (  (iiiip 

etinn. 
1  .apa.'i 

s    iu  tl 

"■k. 


e  the 


street.  The  engraving  shows  tlie  gen- 
eral character  of  its  exterior,  and  its 
location  on  the  west  side  of  Central 
Park,  extending  from  71st  to  72d 
Street,  is  one  <if  the  most  charming 
sites  in  the  city.  It  is  a  conspicuous 
feature  of  the  residence  section,  and 
one  of  the  most  costly  structures  in 
upper  New  York.  The  building  is 
planned  to  afford  the  utmost  possible 
light,  views,  ventilation,  etc.,  and  the 


interior  is  most  elaliorately  and  e 
itely  appointed  ;  the  enteriirise  pi 
chiefly  to  Jacob  i;,.ths(  liil,l,  a  w 
New-Yorker. 

In  the  wide  range  from  these 
CCS  down  to  the  hundilest  lion 
transients,  the  student  of  ethics 
find  endless  themes  for  medi 
The  Frenchmen,  Spaniards,  It 
Germans,  and  other  national  t 


HOTEL  WALDORF. 


the  wide  sea  of  Manila 
the  foot  of  the  scale  o: 


ail  (  iistoms,  m 
an  life.  Near 
public  houses, 


58 


NEW  YORK:    THE  AMERICAN  COSMOPOLIS. 


11(1  a 


■  /'-/ 


ton  Slivrl  is  Ihc  larursi  of  ils  ki,„l  i„  any  c.unl  ry,  and 
the  J.  Ottiiianii  Lillhi^raphi,,-  (nini-any  ^vitll  \vhi,-h  it  i> 
closdy  allied  is  als.)  in.  Miiii.aral.ly  the  largest  lithographic 
plant  ill  the  worlcl. 

As  to  the  publishing  of  hooks,  Xew  York  is  tlie  para- 
mount city  of  the  Western  world,  witli  Boston  as  an 
earnest  second.  The  Manhattan  publishers,  Harper,  Scrib- 
ner,  Appleton,  Putnam  and  others,  have  exerted  a  mighty 


intlueiice  ill  the  development  of  Ameriean  culture,  by 
jilaciiig  liefore  the  peo])le,  amid  a  great  amount  of  tenta- 
tive and  li-aiisiiory  stulT,  the  llnesi  ])rodiiets  of  literature, 
ancient  and  niddei-n.  toi-ciL^ii  and  American.    In  school- 

1  Ivs,  i,o  cMiiccni   of  ancient    or   inuderu  times  is  to  be 

mentioned  in  comparison  ^vith  the  American  Book  Com- 
pany, whose  annual  output  of  the  best  scliool-books  ever 
issued  runs  up  into  millions  of  copies. 

The  newspajter  press  of  Xew  York  is  famous  all  the 
world  over  for  its  enterprise,  influence  and  versatility.  It 
does  not  limit  its  intense  activity  to  the  dissemination  of 
news  and  the  influencing  of  public 
opinion,  Init  Ijoldly  enters  many  fields 
of  effort  which  in  other  laiuls  arc  re- 
served for  governmental  action.  It 
sends  exploring  parties  to  tin'  Arctic 
Sea  and  to  the  heart  of  Africa ;  it  suc- 
cors regions  stricken  with  famine,  fire 
or  pestilence  ;  it  organizes  war  against 
dangerous  maladies:  it  raises  the 
funds  to  build  memorials  to  great  men; 
and  in  a  liundrc.l  ways  looks  after 
the  safetv  and  comfort  of  the  citizens 
ot  Gotham.  And  not  of  these  only, 
but  of  the  entire  L  nion  —  for  some  of 
the  metropolitan  journals  are  in  their 
scope  nobly  national,  or  even  cosmo- 
politan. For  this  reason  they  have 
constituencies  from  Bangor  to  San 
Dicgo.  and  their  voices  reach  all  the 
States.  Maiiv  ot  the  Ijrightest,  most 
original  and  most  hardworking  men  in 
New  York  devote  their  lives  to  jour- 
nalism, and  the  result  appears  in  the 
remarkable  tibihtv  of  the  newspapers, 
.some  of  them  flamboyant  and  sensa- 
tional, others  \\  itt\'  and  lli|)pant,  and 
others  scholarly  and  dignilicd, — but 
each  of  them  ablv  and  brilliant!  v  main- 


62 


NEW  YORK: 


THE  AMERICAN  COSMOPOLIS. 


NEW  YORK:    THE  AMERICAN  COSMOPOLIS. 


63 


The  Couimereidl  Advertiser,  "wliich 
has  mornin!;  aiul  iiftci  iiooii  issues,  en- 
joys tliu  (listiiictioii  (il  heiiit?  the  oldest 
New  ^f>i-lv  iM.ini,     Among  the 

other  daily  |mim  aiv  I  he  Press,  with 
Its  liundred  lliousanil  lecpuhhcan  con- 
stituents: riie  liecorder.  with  its  own 
exclusive  establishment  and  wonder- 
ful activity;  The  .Ac/rv,  the  paper  pat- 
ronized bv  tlie  woikiiii:  classes,  and 
thus  achie\  iim  a  t  i-cinctidous  circula- 
tion: The  jr<n^iiiii'i  .In, I  null,  furnish- 
ing a  vivid  nairaiivr  i>l  ihe  sensations 
of  tlie  da\-:  and  Am,  n<;i  and  The 
Merruni.  Iwd  new  ■(■niiiers  mto  the 
field,  which  were  consolidated  in  1^94. 

Besides  the  newspapers  m  the 
English  vernacular,  there  are  daily 
issues  111  several  lan<ruagcs.  and  a 
large  number  ot  si)ecial  business 
daily  publications,  each  catering  to 
Its  own  characteristic  constituency. 

The  lirst  Dutch  liouses  in  J^evv 
Amsterdam  wen;  a  cluster  of  onc- 
storv  log  huts,  on  the  site  of  No.  45 
Broadway.    Their  chinuievs  were  of 


wood,  tlieir 

roots  of  si  raw.  their  fur- 

niture  ot  h 

wu  planks.  \cars 

later  tlie  to 

vu  had  I'JO  little  houses. 

with  (juaint 

crow-step  gables  toward 

the  street. 

'lids  m  checker-work  ot 

black  and  v 

How  Holland  bricks,  iron 

d;ite  figures 

w.'athercocks.  low  eaves 

and  tulip  u 

inlcns.      'j-lien  came  tlie 

colonial  and 

later  periods,  and  by  the 

beginning  o 

this  ,-entury  a  few  four- 

stoned hous 

's  were  er.M-ted  by  daring 

mnovatoi's. 

The  rei 

larkalile  de veloimieut  of 

extremely  1 

dl   buildings  is  a  matter 

of  the  last 

luarter  ..f  a  century,  and 

has  been  ic 

.l<Tcd  possible  by  the  in- 

vention  of 

and   the  ii 

materials  an 

possible  to 

this  fasliion 

of  tall   buildings  may 

values  of  1 

in.l,  the  increasing  skill 

the  continue 

of 


ivitli  the 
■chitect^ 


and 


Already  the 
heiglit  on  lot 
re  otliers  from  flftcc 
on  lots  fifty  to  seventy-five  feet 
uilding  tliirty-two  stories 


point, 
more  i 
There 


ess  interests  at  tli 
ire  buildings  a  dozen  stories 
,ly  a  score  or  so  of  feet  in  witlt 
twenty  stories  in  lieig 
width.    The  Snn  pla; 
enty-five  feet  front. 


An  arcliitect  and  civil  engineer  is  planning  a  structure  to 
rise  2,f)40  feet  —  a  full  half  mile  —  above  the  ground,  and 
thereby  reach   more   than  double  the   height   of  any 


MILLS  BUILDING. 

Structure  ever  designed.  Where  land  is  sold  at  the  rate  of 
nearly  $15,000,000  an  acre,  as  it  has  lieen  in  a  certain  part 
of  New  York,  the  y;due  of  fully  utilizing  it  l>ecomes  man- 
ifest. No  olhci-  (  ily,  therefore,  has  such  enormous  and 
costly  oilicc  liiiililiiigs,  so  fully  eipiipped  wlWi  so  many 
uiiicpie  eonl  l  iyanees  and  such  inodeni  convtaiiences.  An 
innuineral)le  lot  of  devict's  have  been  created  to  render 
these  tall  buildings  particularly  desiral)le  for  tenants. 
Electricity,  steam  and  gas,  i)luml)ing  and  all  kinds  of  con- 
veniences are  provicled.  On  any  floor  a  tenant,  by  means 
of  the  United  States  Mail  Chute,  can  personally  drop  his 


64 


NEW  YORK:    THE  AMERICAN  C08M0P0LIS. 


"^1 


THE  CONSTABLE  BUILDING. 


1  thus  have  the  .Surct\-  (  um 
I-  from  carrying  of  tlie  new  ^ 
iiilcrrlian?eal)lv      alxive  -n.ui: 


anoUier  front  on  E> 
the  Custom  House, 
mg  IS  eleven  stun 
broad  inner  cnuii .  ,i 
The  Pottn-  Iluil. 
and  Nassau  and  ISi 
:336  fed  ot  sin,  i 
eleven  storiis  luul 
passenger  ele\ainr- 
ofliccs,  oecuincil 
lishers  and  (  i>i|im 
large  conceutiaiid 
very  substantially  ( 
iron  work  and  stone 


j;e  Place,  near 
■  .Mills  Build- 
^h,  around  a 
s  sou  tenants. 
Ml  Park  Ptow 
111  streets,  has 
tai^cs.  and  is 


CSS  to  200 
crs,  pub- 
,111(1  other 
Is.  It  is 
('(1,  and  its 
■  protected 
against  hrc  by  (■asinL;s  ni  hollow  brick. 
The  budding  is  owned  by  the  estate  of 
the  late  Hon.  Orlando  H.  Potter,  and  is 
one  of  the  finest  and  best  located  office 
buildings  in  the  city. 

The  Ilavenicyrr  I'.uilding.  extend- 
ing along  (  huirli  Mivi  i  hoiii  Dey  to 
Coitlandt  ^strci  l.  is  a  coiisiiu  uous  fea- 
ture of  lower  ^vew  1  oik.  and  has 
among  its  tenants  many  eminent  busi- 
ness farms  and  corporations.  It  is  fif- 
teen stones  high,  and  fire-proof  in  con- 
struction, being  built  of  stone  and 
light-colored  brick,  with  steel  frames. 
(Jwing  to  its  position  on  three  streets, 
there  are  no  dark  or  mside  rooms,  and 
all  the  offices  are  light-,  comfortable 
and  cheery  — a  great  i)ortion  of  them 
i;(jiiiiiianiliim:  supcrl)  \  ie\vs  ot  the  river 
ami  liarlior.  1  lie  owner  is  Theodore 
.V.  1  la\('iii('\ (T.  laiiioiis  111  the  annals 


iidnstr 


i'iiir  St  net,  which  runs  parallel  to 
ill  Mn  i  I,  and  is  only  one  block  to 
•  north,  has  rauglit  the  spirit  of  the 
■ent  development  and  promises  to 
al  any  of  the  business  thorougli- 
•es.  At  its  head  stands  the  Jlartyr's 
inumcnt  in  Trinity  (  hurchyard  fix- 
Its  wrstri  ii  limit.  At  the  corner  of 
iad\\;i\'  an-  two  of  the  city  S  most 
lalili'  sii  lil  t  iiivs  —  the  new  American 
lilin-,  onr  ol  ilir  boldest  specimens 
liiici  line,  iisiii-  lull  twenty  stories 
Piulding,  one  of  the 
styles  of  archi- 


tlie  hquitali 
ill  most  costly  ot  the  fc 


tccturc.     I'^arther  east  on  Pine  Street  are  many  attractive 


buihliiius.  like  the  Astor 

the  Schermerhori 

.  the  Sub-Treas- 

^The  Mills  Buildin-  i 

s  thr  l;ir-rst,  -nmdcst.  and  most 

urv.  th,'  Laiieasliire.  the 

Loeb.  theXorthei 

1  .\ssurance,  the 

costly  office  build  mi:  in  i 

ir  world  own, Ml  1,v  one  individual. 

llaiiovrr  Fin',  tlieliiiper 

 1  ami  London 

The  entire  structuri'  hi 

oii-s  to  1).  ().  .Mills.  foriiuTlv  of 

aii.l   (Jlobc.  the  :\[er(liai 

ts'  aii,l  M.anliatla 

1.  Ill,'  Hoyt,  the 

California.    It  has  Ironi 

,)n  \\  all  StH'et  and  Bn)ad  Street. 

Commercial  Uni,)n.  the  ^ 

Mill  Pin',  and  otli, 

rs.    In  fact,  it  is 

opposite  the  Suli-Trrasi 

ry  and  the  Stock  Exchange,  and 

the  "Insurance  Street 

o-day.  as  well  as  ; 

financial  street. 

NEW  YORK:    THE  AMERICAN  COSMOPOLIS. 


65 


The  Loeb  Building,  owned  hy  Solo- 
mon Loeb  of  the  banking  firm  of  Kuhn, 
Locb  &  Co. ,  is  one  of  tlie  most  conspic- 
uous features  of  Pine  Street.  It  is  at 
Nos.  27  and  29,  and  is  next  building 
but  one  to  the  United  States  Sub- 
Treasury.  It  is  one  of  the  liandsomest 
and  most  attractive  structures  in  the 
banking  district.  It  is  twelve  stories 
high,  fire-proof  in  construction,  elegant 
in  furnishings  and  complete  in  all  the 
modern  appurtenances. 

Just  east  of  William  Street,  at  Nos. 
oG  and  58  Pine  Street,  rises  one  of  the 
most  graceful  and  most  exquisitely 
ornate  business  structures  in  Xew 
York.  The  Down  Town  Club  adjoins 
it  on  one  side  and  the  Sun  Fire  office 
on  the  other.  It  rises  to  the  prevailing 
height  of  twelve  stories,  and  makes  a 
marked  contrast  with  its  immediate 
neigiibors.  Its  ornamentation  in  terra 
cotta  and  carved  stone  is  excepti(jnally 
noteworthy  for  its  delicacy  and  abun- 
dance. The  building  extends  through 
the  whole  block  and  has  a  grand  front 
at  Nos.  2G  and  28  Cedar  Street.  In  its 
construction  and  in  its  equipment  it  is 
the  peer  of  the  finest  office  buildings. 

The  Washington  Building,  at  the 
foot  of  Broadwaj',  majestically  over- 
looks Battery  Park  and  the  harbor,  and 
is  a  fire-proof  brick  structure  thirteen 
stories  high,  in  pleasing  and  pictur- 
es(iue  architecture.  It  has  348  offices. 
l,r)00  tenants,  and  six  large  elevators. 
The  building  dates  from  18S4,  mid  \v;i~ 
projected  by  Cyrus  W.  Field,  w  lm  In 
came  its  chief  owner.  On  this  lunu 
tiful  harbor-side  site  was  established  a 
town  market  in  1050,  a  printing-office 
in  1G93,  the  mansion  of  the  Earl  of 
Cassilis  in  1745.  and  the  Washington 
Hotel  about  1858.  As  seen  from  the 
bay,  the  Washington  Building  is  one  ot 
the  chief  features  of  the  great  city. 

Tlie  Coustal)le  Building  is  tn-dav  the  t; 
tici'able  building  on  Fifth  Avenue,  excej 
and  hotels.    It  is  at  the  coniercf  IStli 


1.  1.  sll 


•"ifth  Av,> 


ail  (lr\ 


_  3  is  i,  p_  ii. 

,;llMifWifW| 

M  ifi  w  wMH. 
Hi  Iff  tt  M 1^ 


THE  MclNTYRE  BUILDING. 


r  the  churches 
•eet.  .ulldllUllL;- 


has 


,-  that  Fit 
<l,'velu|„ 


,tal)lishltlel 
(.f  which  t 


Constable  .V"  (  unipany.  ii 
new  buildinu^  It  is  to  be  rented  to  tenants  1 
salesrooms  or  various  line.;  ot  wholesale  aiK 
It  IS  a  beautiful  structure  for  i;s  uses,  and  is 
high.  It  is  of  the  fire-proof,  steel  frame  con: 
lower  stories  of  stone,  the  upper  ones  of  hi; 


•  elilillelit  .luil-e  liuiMiu-.  the  .Methodist  I'-ool.  (  ■olieeni,  the  Moll 

.\riiol,l.  r.uiMiii-.    the   ,-^<■I■ibllel■■s  ISuil.liii-   and   other,   are  ( 

own  the  pleted.   and   the   foiiiulatioiis  are   lieiii-'  laid  lor  the 

lices  and  storied  Pivshvterian  House,  all  to-,.|h,a-  lonniiig  .piiK 

ul  trade.  arrav  of  noteworthy  buildiu-s, 

re  .stories  The  Melntvre  Hiiilding  on  Umadway.  at  the  corne 

•tion.  the  l:uli  ^street,  is  a  conspicuous  landmark  in  the  fashion 

■ick;  the  retail  section  of  New  York,  midway  between  Union 


C6 


KAIV  TO  UK. 


THE  AMERICAN  COSMOPOLIS. 


Mcliityiv 
two  gene 
•with  all 
tenants, 
the  upiH' 
light  ivta 
The  S 
by  tlic 


■,1  as  ()!li<-, 


Scdtt  \'  Howiic  IJiiilding,  while  largely  Ofcu]iic(l 
.Hires,  warerooms  and  factories  of  the  wo'rld-famous 
s  l^iiiulsion,"  is  also  a  line  type  of  a  recently  popular 
building  construction.    It  is  built  to  accommodate 


This 
•proof, 


:cei)tionally 
1  noticeable 


id  - 


tile  ]ir(.lrrl(ir  rif  I  he  ]ieaee  was 
■liMUl  iMM-al.  a  priniilive  kind  of 
sheriir,  coiislalile  and  l.iwver.  In  Di- 
rector-General I^Kdts  adniiinstration 
the  IJurgher  Guard  was  organized; 
and  Pctrus  btuy\-esant  established  the 
Kattle  Watch,  comi)osed  of  eight  .sturdy 
Dutchmen.  In  1674  the  police  force 
numbered  16  men.  increased  tlie  next 
year  to  2s,  and  reenforced  in  169.3  by 
tour  bell-men,  each  dressed  "in  a  coat 
ot  ye  city  livery.'  In  ISOO  tliere  were 
76  men  on  the  force;  in  1S:3S,  963, 
mostly  private  citizens,  on  duty  alter- 
nate nights.  The  number  of  paid 
l)olicemen  now  exceeds  4.000,  distrib- 
uted in  86  jirecincls.  The  yearly  cost 
ot  the  Police  Department  is  more  than 
.$5,000,000,  and  it  is  claimed  that  no 
other  cit}-  in  the  v/orld  of  equal  size 
suffers  so  httle  from  the  dejjredations 
ot  the  cnmin.al  clusscs:  N\  liile  the  agen- 
cies of  law  and  order  eaeh  \ car  gain  a 
more  thorough  ascendancy  ovi'r  their 
hereditary  enemies.  In  certain  terrible 
emergencies,  like  the  Draft  Rio'.s,  the 
police  have  behaved  with  the  mniues- 
tioning  heroism  of  tlie  bravest  of  the 
brave,  and  have  sealed  their  devotion 
with  their  lives.    The  yearly  ])arade  of 


this  great  civie  u' 
IJopular  interest, 
the  finest  m  mo 
pressive  form.  A 
clever  and  s 
l)lements  the  elToi 
and  the  pul)lic 


casion  of 
"One  of 


NEW  YORK:    THE  AMEIUCAX  COSMOPOLIS. 


67 


Tlic  uufoi'tunatL'  members  of  the  outlaw  classi 
their  paths  of  effort  hedged  with  maoy  peri 
ceaseless  dilfieulties  in  the  peaceful  practice  ( 
fessions  here. 

Tile  Xew-York  Fire  Deiiartment  liegaii  i 
the  early  Dutch  regime,  when  the  apparatus 
leathern  buckets  and  tire-hooks.  It  was  not  u 
17:il  lliat  the  cnrporation  became  possessed 
little  lire  cnuines,  which  were  imported  from  I 


1  the  Ci 


-  Hal 


At  ; 


:  pha> 


ment  the 


nploys  1.400  me 
,  are  splendidly 


l]oth  men  and 
trained  for  their 
work,  and  the  remarkable  heroism  and 
intelligence  of  the  ^lanhattau  flremen 
liave  tn  a  larue  extent  averted  from  the 
citv  the  tcrrililc  conflagrations  which 
liavc  so  nearh'  anmliilated  other  Amer- 
ican cities.  It  shows  an  etbcicucv  truly 
marvelous,  that  such  vast  areas  ol  m- 
flammable  and  loftv  buildings,  crowded 
with  people,  have  been  preserved  from 
far-reaehiug  disasters  to  propertv  and 


life. 


The  ( 


ildiery  of  the  metrop- 
;'iist  P.rigade  of  the 
•  if  the  .Stale  of  Xcw 


olis  Inn 
National 

York,  with  tw,,  batteries,  a  cavalry 
company,  and  seven  regiments  ot  m- 
fantr\-.  numbering  m  all  more  than 
5.000  efficient  and  well-trained  troops. 
They  are  enlisted  for  hye  years,  and 
have  freiiueiit  instructive  terms  of  duty 
in  tile  Mate  (  amp  at  Peekskill  and  else- 
where, beside  occasional  campaigns 
against  strikers,  rioters  and  other  law- 
breakers. Tlieir  armories,  erected  with- 
in tile  past  dozen  years,  at  a  cost  of 
nearh  s.),()(iii.oo(i,  are  among  the  most 
mtcrestmi:  and  uniiressive  buildings  in 
the  cit\  .  with  their  great  areas,  admir- 
able e()Uipmcnts.  and  massive  castel- 
lated architecture.  Nowhere  else  in  till' 
world  arc  there  such  noble  accommo- 
dations lor  an  urljan  militia:  and  the 
exprtt  (h(  cdi-ps  of  tlie  brigade  is  main- 
tamed  at  a  high  point  by  this  popular 
and  olhcial  approval.  Beside  their  loni: 
services  in  garrison  in  the  AVarof  ISpJ. 
and  their  lixMpicnt  contests  with  armed 
and  dangerous  mobs,  the  regiments  ol 
the  Linpire  City  have  made  gallant 
■campaigns  in  the  open  held,  when  X\w\ 
were  ordered  to  Pennsylvania  and  A  ir- 
ginia.  during  the  beccssion  ^\  ar.  The 
Seventli  Kegiinent  is  the  finest  body  of 


trnops.  volunteer  or  regular,  in  America;  and  when  its 
tlDusaud  iiickcd  men  march  down  Proadway.  with  com- 
pany fronts  extending  from  sidewalk  to  si.lewalk.  perfect 
in  drill  and  discipline,  the  jirople  wi'leomc  them  as  the 
liomans  welcomed  tlie  Tenth  Le-ion.  or  the  Londoners  the 
(Grenadier  Guards.  The  G'.lth  Battalion,  made  up  of  Irish- 
men, was  one  of  the  hard-lighting  commands  in  tlie  great 
Civil  War,  wherein  also  the  9th,  71st,  lOtli  and  other  regi- 
ments won  high  distinction. 

The  modtTii  New  Yorker  enjoys  m<,ney,  power,  ac- 
tivity and  pleasure,  and  secures  them.    But  in  tlie  annals 


,  BOWNE  BUILDING. 


68 


NFW  YORK :    THE  AMERICAN  COSMOPOLIS. 


■  struck, 
has  tins 


III  IIk' 


of  tlic 


southward  s,(»(lO  fully  (Mjuipprd  and  discipliiu'd 
■rs;  an.l  during  ihv  period  ,)f  the  war  this  sin-lc 
ciliality  cdntriliuted  to  tlie  ariuies  of  tlie  Union  IKi,- 
000  men.  On  a  liundred  hanl-fouglit  tiidds,  from  Gettys- 
burg to  the  Culf.  the  blue  standard  of  Xew  York  was 


borne  alongside  the  Stars  and  Stripes  into  the  reddest 
heat  of  battle.  Never  did  the  freemen  of  Alliens,  the 
artisans  of  Florence,  the  guilds  of  Antwerp  answer  more 
pi'oinptly  to  the  call  of  perilous  duty,  or  mi'ct  ilii  ir  cni- 
liattli-(l  enemies  with  more  valor  and  deternnnaiion. 

r>i  t  it  he  remembered,  also,  that  in  New- York  City  were 
fornu-d  and  maintained  the  two  great  societies  which  did  so 
niucli  to  ameliorate  the  condition  of  the  troops  in  the  field. 
These  were  the  United  States  Sanitary  Commission  and 
the  United  States  Christian  Commission,  which  collected 
150,000,000  in  the  loyal  cities  of  the  North,  and  devoted 
this  vast  sum  to  the  material  and  spirit- 
ual welfare  of  the  men  on  the  lines  of 
battle.  The  poptdation  of  the  metrop- 
olis at  tliat  time  numbered  less  than 
half  what  it  does  now,  but  the  people 
responded  heartilv  to  every  call  for  new 
armies,  with  a  spirit  never  excelled  by 
Greek  or  Tuscan  or  Scottish  communes. 
Among  Its  eidistments  were  several 
regiments  of  Irish  volunteers  and  as 
many  of  Germans;  the  plaided  T9th, 
made  up  of  ^(•ot(•llm(■u ;  the  red-legged 
Soth,  compoM-d  ..r  Fniirhmeurand 
other  temiO\aii(iii:ii  oi g.uii/aiious,  all  of 
them  vvmj,-  with  the  Aiiicrican  troops 
of  the  line  m  cam|i.  inarch  and  battle. 
It  was  found  that  this  community  of 
practical,  prosaic,  hard-licaded  bu.siness 
men  and  toilers  could  and  did  on  occa- 
sion solemnlv  throw  aside  their  indus- 
tries and  then-  money-making,  and 
abandon  themselves  to  the  entire  con- 
trol of  an  abstract  seiilinieiil  ;  and  for 
the  cause  of  the  unity  of  the  Nati(in 
thev  threw  awav  their  dollars  and  their 
li%'es  with  absolute  carelessness.  This 
much  then  must  be  obvious:  that  be- 
neath the  ffreat  citv  s  lieroisin  of  enter- 


■■■  "^p""' — ^ 


prise,  of  e 


tent  he 


1 


And 


THE   AMERICAN    TRACT  SOCIETY. 


when  the  cannon  boom  oil'  Sandv  Hook- 
er the  Golden  Gate,  or  tlie  mouths  of 
the  Mississipjii,  thev  will  be  answered 
bv  the  buLdes  on  Hnwdwav  and  the 
drums  on  the  3Iauhattaii  parks,  mar- 
shaling in  this  sinsrle  town  an  armv  as 
arreat  as  ^opolcons  and  as  trustv  as 
the  Old  Guard. 

^searly  three  <iuarters  ot  ihe  cus- 
toms duties  of  the  L  luien  .sian  s  are 
11  cted  at  N  \  le 
Quiucv  srranite  C  ustom  HiiU^(  has  i. 
emplovees.  and  collec  is  m  i:iiiii  uuiies 
nt  rl  1  0  0  0  00  h 
the  Government  receives  per  cent, 
after  all  expenses  of  collection  are  paid. 


N£]V  YORK:   THE  AMERICAN  COSMOPOLIS. 


G9 


The  appraisers,  wcijjhers  and  other  officials  have  a  per- 
petually busy  time,  with  the  50  lines  of  foreign  steamships 
running  to  this  port,  beside  the  great  fleets  of  sailing 
vessels. 

The  New-York  Chamber  of  Commerce,  the  vigilant 
and  intelligent  guardian  of  the  civic  and  mercantile  in- 
terests, not  only  local  but  national,  was  chartered  by  King 
George  III.  in  1770,  and  has  1,000  active  members.  It 
investigates  and  acts  upon  many  very  imjiortant  questions, 
and  has  had  a  powerful  influence  upon  legislation  and 
public  opinion.  The  voice  of  tlie  Chamber  of  Commerce, 
rendered  at  once  bold,  conservative 
and  prompt  by  its  traditions  and  pre 
cedents,  is  an  influential  factor  in  the 
life  of  the  Great  Republic.  This  is 
one  of  numerous  organizations  for  the 
I'ublic  welfare  ;  some  of  national  and 
international  scope. 

One  of  the  most  essential  structural 
parts  of  the  enormous  trade  of  America 
IS  the  mercantile  agency  system,  whu  li 
Is  without  parallel  elsewhere.  Tlu'sc 
organizations  have  been  carried  to  a 
wonderful  state  of  develoiiment.  1  hev 
study  and  report  the  basis  that  any  in- 
dividual, tirm  or  corporation  has  for  a 
business  credit.  Thev  tcalher  their 
facts  from  a  vast  number  nf  sources  by 
means  of  their  rumiticatKins.  15v  thru- 
aid  tlie  ^ew-Tork  merchant  is  cnal,!,  .] 
to  transact  immediate  luisiiicss  with 
any  established  mercanlilc  cimcrni  lu 
any  part  of  the  whole  realms  of  the 
United  States  or  Canada  —  a  territoiy 
three  thousand  miles  in  lengtli  and  two 
thousand  miles  in  breadth  —  with  as 
much  facility  as  the  London  merchant 
can  do  business  with  his  Livcriiool  cor- 
respondents. The  forenuist  type  of 
these  organizations  —  so  little  known 
abroad  and  so  indispensable  here — is 
The  Bradstreet  Company,  which  is 
virtually  a  clearing-house  for  the  gath- 
ering. yenf\'ing  and  disseminating  of 
information  relating  to  mercantile 
credit.  It  possesses  a  series  of  records 
begun  nearly  half  a  centur\'  aui>  and 
incessantly  revised,  winch  show  the 
past  and  present  status  ot  jicihaps 
3.000,000  business  concerns.  It  puli- 
lishes  four  times  a  year  a  huge  (|iiarto 
volume  of  nearly  2.500  pages  of  .solidly 
packed  names  and  symbols,  which 
state  the  character  of  the  business,  and 
indicate  the  comparative  standing,  in 
wealth  and  credit,  of  about  1.250.000 
dilTerent  business  houses. 


Beside  its  many  other  distinctions,  New  York  holds  a 
very  prominent  place  among  the  half  dozen  or  so  of  the 
great  manufacturing  centers  of  the  world.  She  has  within 
her  borders  12,000  factories,  with  500,000  operatives,  and 
a  yearly  product  of  $600,000,000.  The  largest  output  is 
in  varif)us  forms  of  clothing;  books  and  papers  come  next; 
and  then  cigars  and  tobacco.  If  we  add  to  the  yield  of 
tlu'  municii)ality  the  enormous  product  of  Greater  New 
York,  from  Newark  and  Paterson  to  Long  Island  City 
and  Yonkers,  the  result  is  amazing.  Almost  every  suburb 
has  factories  with  headquarters  near  Broadway. 


BUILDING  AT  NOS.  56  AND  58  PINE  STREET. 


70 


NEW  YORK:    THE  AMERICAN  COSMOPOLIS. 


At  no  tim 
have  tlicrc  lie 
devoted  to  ill 
York.  Tw.i 


The  greatest  maimfad urii 
'W-York  City  pertains  t.i  tin 
'ompany,  wliose  Brooklyn  relin 
f  2.-), 000  barrels,  or  one  half  tin 


lustry  in  or  around 
■i-ican  Sugar-Refining 
liave  a  daily  capacity 
entire  consumption  of  the 


United  States.  These  works  employ  4,000  men  and  a 
capital  of  !|75,000,000,  and  use  yearly  1,000,000  tons  of 
raw  sugar,  400.000  tons  of  coal  aii.l  10.000  tuns  of  cliarcoal. 
Tliis  <'(iiii|)aiiy  is  (iiic  (if  liic  iiiDsi  cnlds^al  iiidiistrial  corpo- 
rations in  ihc  world,  and  fiirnislii's  t"  Anicrirans  sugar  of 
a  liner  quality  than  any  other  coiuitry  has,  at  a  cost  of 
only  a  fraction  of  a  cent  a  pound  for  refining. 

The  cable  cars  are  an  American 
creation,  which  lias  its  best  develop- 
ment in  New-York  City.    Tliesc  nnn- 


odioi 


nd  1 


"1"' 


by  under-ground  cables,  thus  dispens- 
ing with  horses  and  their  noise  and 
dirt.  The  great  Cable  Building  at 
Broadway  and  Houston  Street  is  one 
of  the  largest  and  grandest  commercial 
structures  on  the  continent.  It  is 
strikingly  handsome  and  dominates 
the  whole  neighborhood.  In  its  base- 
ment is  a  3,000  horse-power  plant  for 
propelling  Broadway  cars.  This  gi- 
gantic power  plant  in  the  basement  of 
Houston-street  power-house  is  in  du- 
plicate in  all  parts.  The  machinery  is 
of  the  most  modern  and  costly  procur- 
able. The  electrical  signaling  sys- 
tem, which  is  now  very  nearly  com- 
pletely installed,  affords  actual  tele- 
phonic communication  between  the 
various  power-houses  and  almost 
every  100  feet  of  their  respective  sec- 
tions. The  Houston  -  street  power- 
house IS  one  of  the  several  plants 
which  are  now  or  wdl  be  constructed 
in  the  near  futuri'  bv  the  Afetropolitan 
Street  Railwav  ( omjianv  for  the  oper- 
ation of  its  system,  which  has  already 
become  an  mdisjiensable  institution  of 
the  greatest  service  to  the  community. 

Among  the  countless  interesting 
manufacturing  industries  of  New 
York  there  are  manv  which  challenge 
the  worlds  admiration,  lor  the  mge- 


til.' 


the 


t  the 


the 


<  de 
dif- 


72 


iV'^'P^'  YORK: 


THE  AMERICAN  COSMO PO LIS. 


The   Otis  Elc 


New  V,, 


ators,  i)ractical  in 
It  ill  liiiisli,  simple 
tioii,  and  swift  in 
neiit  distinction  of 


•l  ica  and  Europe,  and 
:i  and  Australia,  and 
wiirld.  The  factorj- 
il'  Yonkcrs,  the  offices 
liliiig.  Five  hundred 
iLiaiicd  at  the  works, 
coiisinicting.  Otis 
>aii)-  l)uih  tlie  largest 
(n  ld,  at  Wcehawken ; 

Idliy  and  intricate, 
ei'  Ml  Paris,  and  those 
Idinus  (if  the  World's 
:\l()st  cif  the  giant 
V  York,  including  the 
the  tallest  business 
world — are  equipped 
with  the  Otis  Elevators.  In  Europe 
the  Otis  Elevators  have  gained  an  ex- 


Broth, ■ 


buihlin.i 
Manhat 
building  i 


tensive 
Co.,  Ltd. 
ration,  o- 

Still  another  in-ci 
which  New  V.nk  h  a. 
the  buildinu  ni  ahu 
iug  printini;  prrssis 
works  of  \{.  lln,.  .V-  ( 
result  of  tlK'ir  wnil, 
this  line.  'Vhvn  \n\w 
kinds  are  found  in 
country,  in  iso-l  I! 
nianufacturiiiii  little 
in  New  York;  and 


The  Otis  Elevator 
[id(jn,  a  strong  corpo- 
liusiness  abroad, 
n^ciiious  industry,  in 
leads  1  \\r  A\'orld,  is  in 
ahiiiisi  liumanly  act- 
ssi  s.      i  hc  immense 
■  \-  (  oiii|iany  are  the 
.  oi  ld-w nil-  success  in 
liriiitinu  lucsses  of  all 
in    e\ery  civilized 
:  II oe  began 
)deu  presses 
\'  year  im- 


b( 


LOWER  BROADWAY. 

n  and  ninc-storv  buil.lii 
lid  cnstlv  macliin.  rv.  ' 

■mors  and  ch.'niisls.  va 


1  the  1 


])roveinents  ha\  e  been  made,  until  now 
the  works  turn  out  tlie  Scxtujile  News- 
each  one 

Ic  of  print- 
!-\  er}'  hour, 
s  in  many 
in  its  inge- 
lo  the  work 
belter  type 

inventions 
uriug  Com- 
r  the  globe, 
main  one  is 


Tiie  sin-ular  ar.liitee 
American  c  ities  in  ilie  pas 
buildmgs  ol  proih^iious  Ik 
by  the  invention  and  iarg 
tors.  essentiall\-  an  uivi  nti 


■.■11  rendered  possible 


paper  Perfee 
made  uj)  of  Hi 
i;30,000  pound 
iug  96,0(J0  si,\ 
America  1 
■»-c  ciL  Bui.  i-,!.  ways,  but  uoi 
nuity  to  make 
of  the  human 
IS  glory  need  be  mentioned  \ 
erfecter  of  which  was  Isaac 
i-esulted  in  the  gigantic  Sin; 
one  of  tlie  industries  who.sc  ] 
laelories  are  in  several  count 
eiyliborini^  suburb  of  New- York  City,  \vliereare  also 
.\ceutive  offices,  while  agencies  and  representatives 
I  be  found  in  every  civili/.eil  coinnuinity.  There  are 
rds  of  50,000  people  in  the  employ  of  the  Singer 
>an\',  and  about  200  kinds  of  sewing  machines  are 


r  .Maliuiac 


74: 


NEW  YORK:    THE  AMERICAN  COSMOPOLfS. 


produced,  which 
on  ;ill  kinds  < 
np  lo  the  hca 
Anion-  th 


;ui  nitinite  variety  of 
throuLcliout  the  three 
nrs  arr  the  Ansonia 
II  "I  w  hieli  the  com- 
portant  est al ihshiiiciil  m  Loudon. 

In   cracker  or 

New  York  pos- 
sesses a  plant 
wliich  in  magni- 
tude and  ecpiip- 
nient  outrivals  tlie 
wlK.lc  world.  It 


iSlO.OOO.OOO.  its 
numerous  plants 
and  its  vast  out- 
put, is  the  largest 
cracker  concern  in 
any  country.  Its 
New-York  plant 
alone  has  40  ovens, 


dailv  How  ,,r  the 
all  powci-lul  and 
beautitul  IhuKon 


lakii 


ity  of 
1,000 


barrels  of  flour  a 
da}'  into  every 
conceivable  vari- 
ety of  crackers. 
These  goods  are 
sold  throughout 
the  United  States, 
and  are  exported 
to  all  civilized 
countries. 

The  coal  mar- 
ket of  New  York 
is  naturally 


largest 


this 


country;  in  fact, 
more  coal  is  con- 
sumed here  than 


LIBERTY   ENLIGHTENING  THE  WORLD. 


The  Ansnnia 
larii-est clock  lad, 
more  clocks  and 

workmanship  dis 
elegance  of  the 


V  ..r  clocks  thai 
lie  in-ciniiiv  ai 
aahlishiuciit  CO 


made  m  all  the  various  modes  of  coal  shipment.  One  cor- 
IKiration.  the  Bcrwind- White  ( "oal-niiniim-  Conipany 
handles  more  liituminous  steam  coal  than  haiidleil  liy 
auv  other  eoneern  in  the  world.  The  toiiiia-e  of  the  com- 
pany exceeds  4,000,000.  They  employ  aliout  5.000  men; 
oi)erale  some  29  collieries  and  300  coke  ovens.    They  have 


76 


KB  IV  von  A':    THE  AM  ERICA  X  COSMOPOLIS. 


shipping  piers  in  nuiiuToiis  ciiii's,  and  tlicsc  at  New  York 
(at  Harsinius  on  the  Xoi-th   Www)  are  e.mstrueteil  with 
facilities  for  lianillin-  Ihousan.ls  of  Ions  of  coal  daily. 
TifTanv  li:is  lieconic  a  world  renowned  name,  sv.ionv 


■Id  in  drsi- 
liiil  tlicse  ar 


SwitlH 


•dc. 


ston 


.■Irs.  The  store  on  rnion 
('hiisl<aidoni,  for  the  value 


employs  1,0IH»  skilled  ATnerican  ojieratives  in  its  factories.      York:  fi 
Tlie  Gorham  Manufacturing  Company,  with  a  whole      lation  of 
building  devoted  to  magniticent  salesrooms  at  Broadway  myriads 


is  the  prii'mincnt  house  of  the  -whole 
m  and  making  exquisite  silverware, 
cclesiastical  metal  ware, 
nly  a  few  types  of  the  gigantic  ingenious 
I  ies  in  -whieh  New-York  City  stands  un- 
dd  re(juire  a  large  volume  to  unfold  the 
-realness  in  tliese  various  lines.  It  is 
•  io  dwell  on  the  retail  trade  of  New 
>sii  \  w  iih  an  inherent  or  adjacent  popu- 
t  i^esidi  iit  people,  with  its  never  ceasing 
cers,  the  city  must  enjoy  an  enormous 
i^etail  trade.  In  fact,  its  retail  places 
of  business  are  not  surpassed  any- 
w  hert'.  and  in  many  lines  are  elsewhere 
unequaled.  I  liere  is  one  little  section 
particularlv  worthy  of  mention  as  be- 
ing, m  all  probability,  the  most  val- 
uable strip  of  land  in  the  world,  prac- 
tically monopolized  by  retail  trade.  It 
is  the  section  on  Broadway,  between 
I  nion  hcpiare  and  Madison  Square,  or 
rather  more  s])ecihcally  between  17th 
and  -^-^d  streets,  where  Lord  &  Taylors 
ornate  iron-front  establishment  would 
make  the  central  point.  In  these  few 
blocks  there  is  a  group  of  stores  that 
pay  a  greater  rental  than  is  derived 
Ironi  any  property  m  the  world  of  ecjual 
length,  where  it  is  mainly  occupied  by 
retail  stores.  At  Lord  it  Taylor  s  corner. 
liroa(hvay  and  20th  Street,  one  sees 
abo\  e  and  below  on  both  sides  of  tlie 
thorouiihfare  a  remarkable  line  of  great 
and  w,  ll  stocked  buildings.  whicli.\vith 
a  lew  outside  of  these  hunts,  make  up 
the    preiiiinient    retail  establishments 

Sp;ire  als..  fails  us  to  descril)e  the 


land 


■  Moi 


tlie  Palisades;  the 
er- works,  whose  new 
in  1890.  cost  $20. 000.- 
Ilowing  capacity  of 
s  a  day  ;  the  I  lUted 
.1.  at  Brooklyn,  the 
m  ot  the  Republic: 
'ration  to  this  port, 
than  400.000  persons 
men  ol  the  city,  ot 


ed  at 


chari- 


THE  STANDARD  OIL  COMPANY. 


the  municiiKi 
)nal  institutions,  with 
'!»  prisoners,  paupers 
most  beautiful  ceme- 
.  like  Greenwood  and 


KEW  YORK:    THE  AMERICAN  COSMOPULIS. 


"Woudlawn:  ami  a  tliousii 
of  the  proud,  brave. 
The  parks  and  pi. 


and  the  llarlrm  \-Mv 
of  the  city  Madison 
seven  acres  ot  -walks 
and  flowers,  statins  ; 
the  crossing  (it  JSruadwaN'  an 
Avenue,  a  ehoict'  liiaut\'  sp( 
bright  and  lashum-lavorrd 
Then  there  are  iiunu  lous  otli 
places,  more  or  less  iniiii-ii\ 
ornamented,  such  as  I  luon 
bounded  by  Broad  wav.  I'ourtli  . 
14th  and  iVtli  streets :  (Jivcl.  v 
Herald  bquare.  b 
Gramcrcy  Park.  Jeannet 
Points  Park.  etc.  Down 
old   ^Washington  ^(juar 


occupie 
acres  are  bounded  b\-  sea 
look  out  over  the  l)us\  e.\p; 

r  harbor.   Abo\ e  the  lb 
the  city  has  acqii 
land,  at 

group  of  six  great 
parkways,  on  Pclha: 
Cortlandt  Manor,  ai: 
the  Bronx  and  Ilarl 


80 


NEW  YORK:    THE  AMERICAN  COSMO l'()Ll> 


coluiim  udonicd  witli  reliefs  and  crowned  with  ii  siatiic. 
The  Efrvptian  ()I)eIisk.  a  carved  monolitli  ot  msc  red 
trranite.  ()9  feel  liiirli.  was  set  up  at  Ileliopolis  in  l.trvpt 
;S. ■)!)()  years  aijo.  and  removed  to  New^oi'k  about  lilteen 
years  ai:o  at  tlie  ex]iense  of  ^\llllanl  II.  \anderliili. 

and  portrait  In 


city  lia: 
inclu.liii 


Washiim 


Lafa' 


Eiu  n 
Franklin 


lillnii.  LiiK-dln  and  Seward,  Far- 
.  Iluiihes  and  Hale,  :\Iorse  and 
and  Goethe.  Burns  and  Scott, 
■clew  Bryant  and  Moore.  Dodge 
and  \\ans.  lii>li\,ir  and  Garibaldi,  bliakespeare  and 
Irvmii. 

Loiii:  after  the  betrmning  of  the  present  century. 
>>ew  \()rk  was  a  ([uaint  little  provincial  city,  cov- 
crniii;  the  lower  part  of  ^lanliattan  Lsland.  At  a 
mile  distant  from  the  Battery  the  pavements  ceased, 
and  two  (ir  three  straimlinij;  roads  ran  thence  to- 
ward the  mainland  in  AVestchestcr.  Alon^  'Wall 
Street  and  lower  Broadway  extended  the  houses 
and  gardens  of  the  local  aristocracy,  the  ancestors 
of  some  of  the  great  lamilies  of  to-day.  .M,inv  ol 
these  mansions  coinmaudcd  pleasant  views  ol  the 
bay.  and  were  fanned  by  the  fresh  breezes  from 
the  two  great  rivers,  or  from  the  distant  Narrows. 
The  fashionable  shopping  thoroughfare 
ham  Street,  whose  numerous  dry-goods  and 
haberdashery  stores  made  a  bright  show 
for  those  (luiet  days.  Many  narrow  little 
streets  wound  their  devious  ways  from 
river  to  river,  between  rows  of  (juaint  and 
small  brick  houses,  most  of  which  were 
provided  with  steep  tiled  roofs.  Two  or 
three  streets  boasted  of  brick  side- walks, 
a  yard  or  so  wide :  the  most  important 
thoroughfares  had  gutters  near  their  sides ; 
and  occasional  statres   rumbled  up  the 


to  VLsit  Gr 

•eiiwieh,  Chelsea  and  the 

•  villages. 

liroadwav  stopped  short 

■  tiie  wall  . 

■  Ihc  Uan.lall  farm  <  iosm 

le  ..f  Ihc  '1 

'"1  'll  1 

l)r  .1.1  ,in,l 

|.l  ,1  ,int  p,  11.1  ,       .1  111, 

vsorl  lor  picnics  ;,iid  ho: 
nil  llicdraiiia-c  dilcl,  do\ 

\v;il<-rs.     It  was  not  iinii 

that  lious( 

s  made  a  systematic  iiiv.a 

la-c  fields 
pd  ,n  ,n 

.ibovc  the  Citv-IIall  Park  ; 

.Spmgler. 

Bavard    and  other  hro.i 

Soon  after 

vards  came  the  A\  ar  ot  1-^ 

:lier  ^lanhat- 
Astor  Place, 
ils  line;  and 

v:is  occupied 

oiled.  Here 
\'Z  parties  in 
(  anal  Street 
1  \  11  IMO 
111  of  the  til- 
1  the  munici- 
he  Brevf)ort. 
icrc.l  farms. 


of  which  the  port  w; 
ships-of-the-linc.  and 
troops.  This  locking" 
ships  had  an  i  .\c ci dm 
eommeree  ot  llic  pi  il  l. 


blockade, 


iKii^y  British 
■JO, (100  state 
hostile  battle- 
ll'ect  upon  the 
<if  peace  gave 
a  new  and  hitherto  uiic.\ainiiled  lite  to  maritime 
tnillic,  and  once  again  the  broad  waters  between 
l;a\-  Uid-e  and  the  Palisades  were  whitened  by  sails. 
I  hen  also  the  great  packet  lines,  the  Red  Star,  the 
Black  Ball  and  others  began  their  .services,  with  fre- 
quent and  regular  sailings  to  Liverpool.  London. 
Havre  and  other  distant  ports.  These  also  were  the 
precursors  of  the  unpreeiMlented  mercantile  fleets 
of  to-day.  the  l]o;itin-  ii.daccs  of  the  trans- 


apire  City  will 
ing  groups  of 
stencc.  Plans 
t  City-Hall,  to 
I  he  present 

able  City-Hall  may  be  set  up  in  a 
;t  (piarter.  for  the  home  of  a  public 
X.      A  new  (_  ustom  House  is  also 
contein|ilal loll,  and  iiolile  structures 
Ihlic  uses  will  he  elected.  Hardly 
I  hail  a  cenliir\-  ago,  when  the  British 
.  sailed  awav  from  the  Battery,  this 
i  iuiH  d  anil  almost  deserted  little 
icial  town.     To-day  it  is  the  proud 
iVmerica.  and   one  of  the 
Id-cities.    A  century  hence 
ind  financial 

anil  industrial  capital  of  the  world,  lllu- 
iniiialed  by  a  just  and  unparalleled  Civic 
splendor  and  pride.  Already  Greater 
■New  ^ork.  including-  the  communes 
interlocked  with  and  dependent  upon 
Xew  York,  numbers  about  4.000.000 
inhabitants,  thrilling  with  manifold  and 
diverse  activities. 

It  IS  therefore  seeoml  only  to  Lon- 
don, and  icrows  at  a  relative  rate  which 
may  .at  no  remote  date  place  it  ahead 
of  the  ancient  British  capital. 


THE  CORNELIUS  "VANDERBILT  MANSION. 


My  Prompt^  Progressive^  Painstaking  Printer. 


1HAVE  watched  "My  Printer's"  trade 
grow  like  Jack's  Beanstalk,  from  the 
time  he  left  the  Evening  Post  Job  Office  in 
'87,  and  opened  a  small  shop  on  Liberty 
Street,  until  now,  when  a  four-story  building 
is  too  small  for  his  increasing  business  ; 
his  store  is  so  full  of  clerks  and  typewriters 
that  I  am  prompted  to  ask,  when  I  go  there, 
"  Don't  you  want  to  rent  me  desk-room  ? " 

There  is  no  mystery  about  it  ;  simply 
following  poor  Richard's  advice,  "  Keep  thy 
shop,  and  thy  shop  will  keep  thee."  Early 
and  late  I  fmd  the  place  open,  everyone 
busy,  customers  in  crowds,  messengers  rush- 
ing in  and  out  ;  yet  there  is  system,  order 
and  efficiency.  Before  long  I  suppose  he 
will  need  bigger  quarters. 

When  I  chose  "  My  Printer,"  I  sought  one 
who  was  master  of  his  business.  Such  a 
man,  who  looks  after  every  detail,  and 
knows  all  the  newest  wrinkles,  should  be 
able  to  do  good  work  as  cheaply  as  any- 
one—  poor  work  is  always  dear.  "My 
Printer's  "  charges  are  neither  as  high  as 
the  highest,  nor  as  low  as  the  lowest,  but 
he  asks  a  fair  price  for  a  good  article. 

Quality  is  as  essential  as  price.  Taste  in 
printing  is  like  style  in  dress.    A  circular  or 


letter-head  printed  shabbily  impresses  one 
as  unfavorably  as  does  a  man  in  ill-fitting 
clothes.  Oood  printing  wins  respectful  at- 
tention, but  a  slovenly  circular  is  flung  in 
the  waste-basket. 

Some  printers  are  just  as  slow  as  cold 
molasses.  When  you  have  work  to  do  in  a 
hurry,  call  on  "  My  Printer,"  or  telephone 
to  "  Cortlandt,  1875,"  and  your  work  will  be 
"rushed."  But  don't  expect  to  get  the  best 
work  in  that  way.  Care  and  attention  to 
details  take  time. 

While  "  My  Printer"  can  do  big  jobs  as 
well  as  little  ones,  he  is  attentive  to  small 
orders.  (In  business,  little  minnows  some- 
times grow  to  be  big  whales.)  His  store 
is  well  stocked  with  stationery  and  type- 
writers' supplies,  almost  everything  you 
want,  and  all  delivered  promptly. 

One  needs  to  be  a  printer  angel  to  please 
everybody.  Unless  you  are  very  cranky, 
"My  Printer"  will  at  least  deserve  your 
praise. 

This  is  all  I  know  about  "  My  Printer," 
I    except  that  his  name  is  Albert  B.  King.  If 
I  had  more  time,  I  would  make  a  shorter 
story. 

C.  F.  W. 


The  author  of  the  above  is  the  best  writer  of  advertisements  I  know.  I  have  arranged 
with  him  to  prepare  similar  circulars  or  booklets  for  my  customers.  If  you  can  make  use  of 
his  ability  as  a  writer,  please  let  me  know. 


ALBERT    B.  KING, 

"his  printer," 
 87  and  89  William  Street,  NEW  YORK. 


